Producción Científica UPeU

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    Workload and quality of life in Peruvian university professors
    (2024-01-01)
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    Claudia Melissa Mamani Poma
    ;
    Jeyzi Sarai Mamani Churayra
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    Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
    ;
    Introduction: The quality of life of professors is an important standard for their job performance. Objective: To determine the influence of workload on the quality of life of professors at a Peruvian university. Materials and Methods: This was a study with a quantitative, explanatory, cross-sectional approach applied to 326 active employees and professors at a Peruvian university during the years 2023 and 2024. Two questionnaires validated in Peru were administered. The questionnaires asked about sociodemographic data, SF-36 quality of life, and the workload scale. The data were analyzed using Studio R software, correlation analysis with Pearson R, and the explanatory model with linear regression methods. Results: It was found that, in the workload, an average of 11.56 was obtained, which shows a workload with low distribution among professors. Discussion: It was found that there is a positive and moderate correlation between workload and four dimensions of quality of life, which are physical role, bodily pain, emotional role, and social functioning; it was observed that these are significant predictors of workload. Conclusion: It is concluded that workload and quality of life influence each other. However, no relationship was found between the variables; important specific correlations were identified between workload and three dimensions of quality of life (emotional role, bodily pain, and social functioning).
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    Dynamic immune markers predict HIV acquisition and augment associations with sociobehavioral factors for HIV exposure
    (2022-11-19)
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    Sayan Dasgupta
    ;
    Rogelio Valdez
    ;
    Urvashi Pandey
    ;
    Siavash Pasalar
    study in Peru, and assessed a panel of plasma immune biomarkers at enrollment and longitudinally, including within a month of diagnosis of primary HIV or matched timepoint in controls. We used machine learning to select biomarkers and sociobehavioral covariates predictive of HIV acquisition. Most biomarkers were indistinguishable between cases and controls one month before HIV diagnosis. However, levels differed between cases and controls at study entry, months to years earlier. Dynamic changes in IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, IP-10 and IL-12, rather than absolute levels, jointly predicted HIV risk when added to traditional risk factors, and there was modest effect modification of biomarkers on association between sociobehavioral risk factors and HIV acquisition.
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    Properties of a scale of concern for COVID-19: Exploratory analysis in a Peruvian sample
    (2020-11-21)
    Percy G. Ruiz Mamani
    ;
    Wilter C. Morales-García
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    ;
    Mayte S. Marquez-Ruiz
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    Traducción, validez y fiabilidad de la escala modificada de fatalismo religioso ante la COVID-19 en adultos peruanos
    (2020-12-30)
    Óscar Mamani-Benito
    ;
    Renzo Felipe Carranza Esteban
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    ;
    ;
    Dany Gonzales
    Introduccion: La COVID-19 ha generado repercusiones en la forma de practicar la religion, ante ello, un grupo de creyentes demuestra ideas fatalistas en relacion al origen y consecuencias del nuevo coronavirus. Objetivo: Adaptar la Religious Health Fatalism Measure for the African-American Faith Community para el contexto de la COVID-19 en poblacion peruana. Metodos: Estudio instrumental, donde participaron voluntariamente 764 adultos (59,03% mujeres y 40,97% varones) de la costa, sierra y selva peruana. Los items de la Religious Health Fatalism Measure fueron adaptados culturalmente mediante un proceso de cinco pasos: traduccion directa, sintesis de traducciones, traduccion inversa, consolidacion del comite de expertos y prueba piloto. El analisis de datos implico calcular estadisticos descriptivos, ejecutar un Analisis Factorial Confirmatorio y para analizar la bondad de ajuste del modelo original, se utilizo el modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales. Resultados: Los items de la escala de fatalismo religioso ante la COVID-19 muestran evaluaciones favorables acerca de su claridad, representatividad y relevancia, donde todos los valores V de Aiken fueron estadisticamente significativos y mayores a 0,70. A traves del Analisis Factorial Confirmatorio se evidencio un modelo con nueve items distribuidos en dos factores (RMR = 0,036, GFI = 0,980, AGFI = 0,952, NFI = 0,981, RFI = 0,969, IFI = 0,983, TLI =0,971, CFI = 0,983, RMSEA = 0,079), ademas, la confiabilidad fue aceptable (α > 0,78, IC 95% > 0,78 – 0,81). Conclusiones: La version modificada FAT-RCov19 demuestra evidencias de validez y confiabilidad para medir el fatalismo religioso ante la COVID-19 en adultos peruana.
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    Traducción, adaptación cultural, validez de contenido y constructo del cuestionario Feedback in medical education (FEEDME-Proveedor) en estudiantes de medicina humana
    (2021-01-01)
    ;
    Larissa Schunemman
    ;
    V. Andre Choroco
    ;
    Renzo Felipe Carranza Esteban
    ;
    Manuel Landa-Barzola
    "Introducción: el cuestionario Feedback in Medical Education (FEEDME-Provider) es un instrumento que mide la interacción entre el estudiante o residente de medicina con el médico que le brinda el feedback.Objetivos: el objetivo de este trabajo es traducir, adaptar culturalmente el cuestionario FEEDME-Provider al español latinoamericano, evaluar su consistencia interna y la validez de contenido y del constructo estructural.Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico observacional de tipo instrumental en 139 estudiantes de medicina. La validez de la escala se determinó mediante el coeficiente V de Aiken y sus intervalos de confianza del 95 %. Además, se realizaron pruebas de análisis factorial y confiabilidad.Resultados: todos los valores del coeficiente V de Aiken fueron estadísticamente significativos (V > 0,70) con valores del límite inferior del IC 95 % apropiados. La asimetría y curtosis de los ítems fueron inferiores a ± 1,5. En el análisis factorial exploratorio se evidenció la existencia de 3 factores, los cuales corresponden con la estructura teórica de la escala original. Todos estos presentaron valores de saturación > 0,30. Sin embargo, el 1 el 3 se eliminaron por no corresponder teóricamente con su factor. Respecto a la confiabilidad de la escala total y sus factores, el coeficiente α de Cronbach es superior a 0,80, que indica que una escala presenta consistencia interna. Conclusiones: la adecuada traducción y adaptación cultural del contenido de los ítems produjo consistentes propiedades psicométricas (confiabilidad, validez de contenido y de constructo estructural) de las puntuaciones de la Escala de FEEDME-Proveedor en una muestra de estudiantes peruanos de medicina humana."
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    Strength of Religious Faith in Peruvian Adolescents and Adults: Psychometric Evidence from the Long and Short Version of the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire in Spanish
    (2021-03-18)
    Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez
    ;
    Lindsey W. Vilca
    ;
    Thomas G. Plante
    ;
    Andrea Vivanco-Vidal
    ;
    Daniela Saroli-Araníbar
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric evidence of the original and brief version of the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (SCSRFQ) in Spanish in a sample of 245 Peruvian adolescents and adults (mean age = 21.04 years, SD = 3.07, 47.8% male and 52.2% female), selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Additionally, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were applied. Confirmatory Factor Analysis, internal consistency reliability methods, hierarchical sequence of variance models and Graded Response Model were used. Results indicate that both versions of the SCSRFQ showed robust psychometric properties: adequate unidimensional structure, adequate difficulty and discrimination parameters, and significant relationships with the measures of fear of COVID-19 and satisfaction with life. The original version of the SCSRFQ showed evidence of strict measurement invariance by gender and age; whereas the short version showed strict invariance by gender and configural invariance by age. Both versions showed acceptable reliability indices. In conclusion, the original and brief versions of the SCSRFQ show evidence of psychometric indicators that support their use to assess the strength of religious faith
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    Dysfunctional Grief Related to COVID-19 in Latin America
    (2022-01-13)
    Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez
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    Pablo D. Valencia
    ;
    Miguel Gallegos
    ;
    Claudio Intimayta‐Escalante
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    The characteristics associated with COVID-19-related dysfunctional grief suggest that we are most likely facing a “dysfunctional grief pandemic” due to COVID-19. Thus this preliminary study reports frequencies of dysfunctional grief in ten Latin American countries that varied between 7.3% in Brazil and 14.6% in El Salvador. This highlights a greater need for Latin American countries to work together to improve the accessibility of treatment for dysfunctional grief.
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    Cross-cultural measurement invariance of the purpose in life test - Short form (PIL-SF) in seven Latin American countries
    (2022-07-28)
    Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez
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    Lindsey W. Vilca
    ;
    Mauricio Cervigni
    ;
    Miguel Gallegos
    ;
    Pablo Martino
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    Cross-national measurement invariance of the Purpose in Life Test in seven Latin American countries
    (2022-09-16)
    ;
    Lindsey W. Vilca
    ;
    Mauricio Cervigni
    ;
    Miguel Gallegos
    ;
    Pablo Martino
    The Purpose in Life Test (PIL) is a measure of purpose in life widely used in many cultures and countries; however, cross-cultural assessments are scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the PIL in the general population of seven Latin American countries (Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay). A total of 4306 people participated, selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling, where Uruguay has the highest mean age ( M = 41.8; SD = 16.6 years); while Ecuador has the lowest mean age ( M = 24.6; SD = 7.8 years). Furthermore, in each country, there is a higher proportion of women (>60%) than men (<40%). Using Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the factorial structure does not show evidence of invariance among the included countries. However, based on the Multi-Group Factor Analysis Alignment, there is evidence that a three-dimensional structure of the PIL (Meaning of existence, Freedom to make meaning in daily life and Will to find meaning in the face of future challenges) is the same in the participating countries. Results based on item response theory indicate that most PIL items can significantly differentiate responses according to the level of life purpose. In addition, people with low life purpose will tend to choose the lower response alternatives on the PIL; while people with higher life purpose will choose higher response alternatives. The findings indicate that the PIL has the potential to increase knowledge about how people conceive and experience their purpose in life in different countries.