Apoio social e autocuidado em pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar Hospital Lima Este, 2020, Peru

Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis is considered one of the major public health issues in Peru, thus understanding its real condition from different points of view will allow choosing the most appropriate therapeutic approach and patient care. Objective: To determine the relationship between social support and self-care in patients in the Lima Este Hospital, Peru. Materials and Methods: A quantitative correlational cross-sectional study was conducted with 114 patients participating in the NTCP program. Non-probability purposive sampling was built with 100 patients for which inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The MOS Social Support Survey and Self-Care Questionnaire were administered. Ethical considerations were considered for data collection. Data was processed using SPSS-24 software and later analyzed using descriptive statistics with frequencies and percentages. The chi-squared test was used for inferential analysis. Results: Sex, age, educational level and marital status had no relationship (p>0.05) with self-care in TB patients. Inappropriate self-care was found in 69.2% of patients receiving MDR-TB treatment. 100% of patients receiving drug-susceptible TB treatment showed appropriate self-care with a significant relationship (p-value of 0.000). 83.3% of patients who perceived appropriate support showed appropriate self-care, 76.9% of patients who perceived poor support rated their self-care as inappropriate with a significant relationship (p-value of 0.000). Similar findings were found for the social support dimension with a p-value of <0.05. Conclusions: Patients were characterized as young, male and single under drug-susceptible TB treatment. A significant relationship was found between appropriate social support and appropriate self-care. A schedule for drug-susceptible TB treatment is related to inappropriate self-care.