Producción Científica UPeU

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttps://cris.upeu.edu.pe/handle/123456789/1

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[Effect of ethanol adminstration in the consumption of proteins and nitrogen balance in normal subjects with normoprotein diet].
(1978-09-15)
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Anle Cheng
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Alejandro Villa Gomez
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T Ségure
The effect of excessive alcohol intake on the protein requirements and metabolism in normal subjects has not been clearly determined. In this study we measured the nitrogen balance, the hematrocrit, the hemoglobin, the serum albumin, the cholesterol, and the plasmatic amino acids in 7 non-alcoholic subjects of 25 +/- 5 years of age. A comparison was made of a diet containing 0.8 g of protein per k of weight and 40 Kcal per k of weight administered during 11 days with a period of the same length in which the 1.400 Kcal provided during the control period by carbon hydrates was provided by ethanol (200 g). During the alcoholic period no importants changes were observed in the nitrogen balance, a tendency towards greater positivity being registered. There was a decrease in the serum albumin of 4, 69 +/- 0.31 vs 3, 90 +/- 0,32 g/100 ml and an increase in globulin 1,74 +/- 0,70 vs 2,69 +/- 0,22 g/100 ml. The results showed that in a short period of time the excessive alcohol intake in normal subjects does not increase the protein requirements in spite of a decrease in the serum albumin being observed.
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Nitrogen economy in alcoholic patients without liver disease
(1987-07-01)
Daniel Bunout
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Marcus Petermann
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G Barrera
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H Iturriaga
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Estimation of arsenic contents in rice purchased on Peruvian markets and estimation of dietary intake by Peruvians through rice consumption
(2021-04-29)
Sonia Tatiana Zhunaula Guaman
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Washington Coaquira Ccahua
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Ide Unchupaico Payano
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Julio Miguel Ángeles Suazo
Rice (Oryza sativa L) is an important source of essential elements but also can contain high As concentrations, which may be consumed and causes health effects. This work aimed to contribute to the lack of information quantifying the total arsenic (tAs) in 31 domestic rice (white rice, n=19; brown rice, n=7; parboiled rice, n=5) of different brands purchased in Peruvian markets. The tAs content was conducted by ICP-MS. The tAs concentration was compared to the maximum limits prescribed by regulatory agencies. Dietary intake (DI), dietary exposure (DE), and margin of exposure (MOE) were estimated. tAs concentration in white, brown and parboiled rice were 0.292 ± 0.106 mg/kg, 0.401 ± 0.081 mg/kg, 0.229 ± 0.03 mg/kg, respectively. Arsenic concentration in white rice exceeded limits recommended by FAO/WHO (0.20 mg kg-1), and European legislation (0.25 mg kg-1), but no Mercosul limits (0.3 mg kg-1). The DE showed that, on average, Peruvians consume 5.60 μg As kg-1 BW weekly. The MOE value was higher than 1 at the mean dietary exposure level. Our findings suggest that the health risk from dietary arsenic exposure is low for the Peruvian population. However, more studies are needed to reduce dietary arsenic exposure in Peru.
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Morphological, yield, and nutritional characteristics of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and Plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) according to cutting interval in Peruvian Andes
(2026-04-24)
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Saida Tecsi-Taipe
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Luis H. Zagaceta-Llanca
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Misael Rodríguez
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Tony Vargas
In Peru, the high Andean regions made up of grasslands are important for the sustainability of local systems. Improving and promoting the sustainability of forage production and quality allows producers to be resilient in the face of constant environmental changes. In this study, the morphological characteristics (plant height, leaf length and width), yield (fresh and dry matter) and nutritional characteristics [ash, ether extract, crude protein (CP), crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD), nitrogen-free extract (NFE) and gross energy] of Cichorium intybus L. and Plantago lanceolata L. were evaluated, according to the cutting interval. Six experimental plots were implemented, three per species in each of C. intybus and P. lanceolata . An analysis of variances under a linear mixed model was performed of morphological and yield characteristics, including the cutting interval (28, 35 and 42 days), and the harvest (1, 2, 3 and 4 harvests) as fixed effects, while the plants were considered as a random effect. Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (p &lt; 0.05) was used to group the results by species using R software. The number of leaves in C. intybus and P. lanceolata were higher at a cutting interval of 42 days of age and in the third and fourth harvest (p&lt;0.05). The dry matter yield of C. intybus and P. lanceolata at 42 days was higher than that of the 28 and 35 days cut, with values of 1645 kg/ha and 1545 kg/ha, respectability. The nutritional parameters of C. intybus and P. lanceolata varied significantly according to harvest age (p&lt;0.05). Ash, CP, NDF and ADF decreased, while IVDMD and NFE increased according to age. The CP concentration was 20.84% at 28 days, 18.99% at 35 days and 17.82% at 42 days in C. intybus and 19.29% at 28 days, 17.80% at 35 days and 15.17% at 42 days, while the IVDMD increased from 88.5% to 94.00% in C. intybus and 77.82% to 88.65% in P. lanceolata . Harvest age is key to optimizing yield and quality of C. intybus and P. lanceolata in high Andean livestock systems.
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Depletion study and estimation of the withdrawal period for enrofloxacin in pacu (<i><scp>P</scp>iaractus mesopotamicus</i>)
(2013-03-07)
Jonas Augusto Rizzato Paschoal
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Lígia Uribe Gonçalves
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José Eurico Possebon Cyrino
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Félix Guillermo Reyes Reyes
Defining the pharmacokinetic parameters and depletion intervals for antimicrobials used in fish will help in the development of important guidelines for future regulations by Brazilian agencies on the use of these substances in fish farming. This paper presents a depletion study for enrofloxacin (ENR) and its main metabolite, ciprofloxacin (CIP), in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) fillets. The depletion study was carried out under monitored environmental conditions, with the temperature controlled at 27 °C to mimic the fish farming conditions in Brazil. ENR was administered orally via medicated feed for 10 consecutive days at daily dosages of 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). The fish were slaughtered at 6, 12, and 24 h and 2, 3, 5, 8, 12, 17, and 24 days after the medication period. Considering a maximum residue limit of 100 μg/kg for the sum of the ENR and CIP residues in the fillet, the results obtained in the depletion study allowed the estimation of a half-life for ENR of 2.75 days and a withdrawal period of 23 days. The results obtained in this study are important for the farming of pacu in tropical regions.
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Influencia de la dieta vegetariana y carnívora en relación a la hemoglobina y hematocrito
(2020-06-30)
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Gonzalo Larico-Ayma
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Gabrielly Boeira-De Sousa
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The present study establishes the degree of influence of the vegetarian and carnivore diets on the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of students of human medicine of the Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, 2018. The goal was to find out if people who follow a vegetarian or carnivore diet are deficient in hematocrit and hemoglobin. Out of the vegetarians, 23 followed different types of vegetarianism. The following ranges were considered: hemoglobin (12 - 16 g/dL) and hematocrit (36 - 48 %). It is concluded that, regarding the diet and hemoglobin/hematocrit levels, most respondents show normal ranges, and people who follow a vegetarian diet do not present highly-deficient hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, and have a better nutritional level than those who follow a carnivore diet.
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Determinación de la curva de crecimiento microbiano Saccharomyces Boulardii en tunta variedades chaska y negra
(2019-09-04)
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The purpose of this investigation was to determine the curve of microbial growth of Saccharomyces Boulardii (SB) in tunta Chaska and Negra through mathematical modeling. The Gompertz and Logistico equations were applied in four treatments. The first was a mixture in 250 ml flasks between distilled water - Chaska (T1); the second distilled water - Black (T2); the third Salina Peptonada Solution - Chaska (T3); and the last Peptonada Saline Solution - Black (T4). These treatments were sterilized at 121 ° C for 15 min, then SB was inoculated at 37 ° C with constant agitation of 20 RPM for a lapse of 7 hours; where, at intervals of one hour, the readings of the biomass increase were made with a microcosp and a neubauer chamber expressed in colony forming units per milliliter (cfu / ml); Likewise, a comparison of the pH, oBrix and acidity between the tunta varieties was made in fermentation times of 24 and 48 hours. The results of the mathematical modeling showed that graphically the T1 and T4 treatments are similar; also, this phenomenon is repeated in treatments T2 and T3. On the other hand, in the goodness of fit of the parameters of each model showed a variety of data that can give several applications. Finally, with respect to pH and acidity both increased being more noticeable in 48 hours.
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Modelamiento cinético de Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii
(2021-03-10)
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In recent years, the consumption of probiotic products has been increasing due to their beneficial effects on health, however, their development is limited and even more, kinetic studies that describe the microorganism-food relationship and the behavior of these during fermentation, for these reasons the objective of this research was to kinetically model Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii in Fresh Cow’s Milk (FCM) and Quinoa Vegetable Extract (QVE). For this purpose, the tests were carried out in triplicate, placing each of the samples separately in 250 ml flasks, to later sterilize them at 121 °C × 15 min, then the strain was inoculated at 37 °C keeping the temperature under constant stirring (20 RPM) until completing six hours of incubation, for the construction of the kinetic models (Gompertz and Logistico) the colony-forming units per milliliter (cfu /ml) were counted in one-hour intervals. Likewise, pH measurements and the percentage of lactic acidity were carried out. To determine if there is a statistical difference between samples, a t-test of independent samples was applied to a significance of 95%, in addition, for each of the kinetics, the calculation of goodness-of-fit models and the normality analysis of each of the models on each substrate. The results show that there is a difference in each kinetic with a value p = 0.019, likewise, the model that best presented for both substrates was the Gompertz model, however, FCM showed a better behavior compared to QVE, and the normality test showed that all the data were normally distributed. Finally, Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii being FCM the best substrate.
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Intelligent automated control of abiotic water and thermal stress in greenhouses for the optimization of pre-basic potato production
(2025-08-05)
Rudy Medina
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Bill Canaza
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A. Angel Sullon
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Muss Evgeny Ivanovich
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The projected 50% increase in global food demand by 2050, coupled with declining freshwater availability and climate change, highlights the urgent need for more efficient agricultural practices. This study presents the development and implementation of a low-cost automated irrigation and thermal control system for pre-basic potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) production in greenhouses in Siberia, Russia. The system is part of the DARY project and focuses on optimizing water and energy use under controlled water and thermal stress conditions. This experiment was conducted during two consecutive seasons in 2024 and employed environmental sensors and advanced algorithms to dynamically regulate irrigation and temperature according to the crop's physiological needs. It was compared with a conventional system under similar conditions, evaluating operational cost and control panel functionality. The results showed a 22% increase in pre-basic potato production, 27% water savings, and 12% reduction in electrical consumption. Additionally, the control panel cost was 35% lower than that of the commercial system, highlighting its scalability and adaptability. The system architecture includes an intuitive web application, MQTT communication, NoSQL database, and microcontrollers. The results validate DARY as a viable and sustainable technological solution for precision agriculture, especially in resource-constrained contexts.
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Nutrition and education. II. Educational achievement and nutrient intake of Chilean elementary and high school graduates.
(1991-12-01)
Daniza Ivanovic
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Macarena Marambio
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D Ballester
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Isabel Zacarías
The interrelationships between educational achievement (EA) and nutrient intake were investigated in 550 Chilean adolescent schoolers graduating from elementary and high school. The random sample included schoolers from both educational levels (1:1), from public and private schools (1:1), and from high, medium, and low socioeconomic status (SES) (1:1:1). Standard procedures for 24-hour dietary recall interviews were used to collect data, and adequacy of intake was assessed by the FAO/WHO Pattern. EA was measured by means of the Achievement Evaluation Program (AEP) and Academic Aptitude Test (AAT) in elementary and high school, respectively. In elementary school graduates, results showed a significant and positive correlation between EA (AEP) and energy, protein, riboflavin, ascorbic acid, calcium and vitamin A intake (Multiple r = 0.456 p less than 0.01; r2 = 0.208). The School Feeding Program beneficiaries who belonged to the low SES presented the lowest EA (AEP) together with a deficient nutrient intake, especially for energy, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin A and calcium, at the same time that they registered the lowest values for those anthropometric parameters, indicators of past nutrition, that is to say height-for-age, weight-for-age, head circumference-for-age and a higher upper-to-lower segment ratio, as compared with non-beneficiaries from the same SES and with those from the higher strata. In high-school graduates, EA (AAT) was found to be significantly and positively correlated with protein, calcium, riboflavin and iron intake (Multiple r = 0.438 p less than 0.001; r2 = 0.192). Nevertheless, these interrelationship are strongly related to SES and sex. Results showed that educational achievement (EA) is significantly and positively associated with nutrient intake, this fact being important for educational planning related to the School Feeding Program.
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