Producción Científica UPeU

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttps://cris.upeu.edu.pe/handle/123456789/1

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Autor/a: search.filters.author.Huancahuire Vega, Salomon

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    Traducción, adaptación cultural, validez de contenido y constructo del cuestionario Feedback in medical education (FEEDME-Proveedor) en estudiantes de medicina humana
    (2021-01-01)
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    Larissa Schunemman
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    V. Andre Choroco
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    Renzo Felipe Carranza Esteban
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    Manuel Landa-Barzola
    "Introducción: el cuestionario Feedback in Medical Education (FEEDME-Provider) es un instrumento que mide la interacción entre el estudiante o residente de medicina con el médico que le brinda el feedback.Objetivos: el objetivo de este trabajo es traducir, adaptar culturalmente el cuestionario FEEDME-Provider al español latinoamericano, evaluar su consistencia interna y la validez de contenido y del constructo estructural.Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico observacional de tipo instrumental en 139 estudiantes de medicina. La validez de la escala se determinó mediante el coeficiente V de Aiken y sus intervalos de confianza del 95 %. Además, se realizaron pruebas de análisis factorial y confiabilidad.Resultados: todos los valores del coeficiente V de Aiken fueron estadísticamente significativos (V > 0,70) con valores del límite inferior del IC 95 % apropiados. La asimetría y curtosis de los ítems fueron inferiores a ± 1,5. En el análisis factorial exploratorio se evidenció la existencia de 3 factores, los cuales corresponden con la estructura teórica de la escala original. Todos estos presentaron valores de saturación > 0,30. Sin embargo, el 1 el 3 se eliminaron por no corresponder teóricamente con su factor. Respecto a la confiabilidad de la escala total y sus factores, el coeficiente α de Cronbach es superior a 0,80, que indica que una escala presenta consistencia interna. Conclusiones: la adecuada traducción y adaptación cultural del contenido de los ítems produjo consistentes propiedades psicométricas (confiabilidad, validez de contenido y de constructo estructural) de las puntuaciones de la Escala de FEEDME-Proveedor en una muestra de estudiantes peruanos de medicina humana."
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    Caracterización bioquímica del veneno de la serpiente Bothrops roedingeri Mertens, 1942, y sus actividades edematógena, hemorrágica y miotóxica
    (2020-12-02)
    Oswaldo Nina-Cueva
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    Derly Yerson Olazabal-Chambilla
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    Jair Quispe-Arpasi
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    Adell Alzamora-Sánchez
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    Mauricio Gomes-Heleno
    Introduction: Snakebite envenoming is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a neglected tropical disease. Currently, Bothrops snake venoms are being studied intensively, but there is little knowledge about Bothrops roedingeri venom. Objectives: To biochemically characterize B. roedingeri total venom and evaluate its myotoxic, edematogenic, and hemorrhagic activity. Materials and methods: We characterized B. roedingeri venom enzymatic activity by determining the phospholipase A2 and the proteolytic and fibrinogenolytic action using SDSPAGE electrophoresis while we characterized its venom toxicity by determining the minimum hemorrhagic dose, the minimum edema dose, and the local and systemic myotoxic effects. Results: Bothrops roedingeri venom showed a PLA2 activity of 3.45 ± 0.11 nmoles/min, proteolytic activity of 0.145 ± 0.009 nmoles/min, and a fibrinogen coagulation index of 6.67 ± 1.33 seconds. On the other hand, it produced an minimum hemorrhagic dose of 24.5 μg, an minimum edema dose of 15.6 μg, and a pronounced local myotoxic effect evidenced by the elevation of plasma creatine kinase levels after intramuscular inoculation. The venom showed no systemic myotoxicity. Conclusions: Bothrops roedingeri venom has local hemorrhagic, edematogenic, and myotoxic activity. Enzymatically, it has high PLA2 activity, which would be responsible for the myotoxic and edematogenic effects. It also has proteolytic activity, which could affect coagulation given its ability to degrade fibrinogen, and it causes bleeding through the metalloproteases.
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    PhTX-II a Basic Myotoxic Phospholipase A2 from Porthidium hyoprora Snake Venom, Pharmacological Characterization and Amino Acid Sequence by Mass Spectrometry
    (2014-10-31)
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    Luis Alberto Ponce-Soto
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    Sérgio Marangoni
    A monomeric basic PLA₂ (PhTX-II) of 14149.08 Da molecular weight was purified to homogeneity from Porthidium hyoprora venom. Amino acid sequence by in tandem mass spectrometry revealed that PhTX-II belongs to Asp49 PLA₂ enzyme class and displays conserved domains as the catalytic network, Ca²⁺-binding loop and the hydrophobic channel of access to the catalytic site, reflected in the high catalytic activity displayed by the enzyme. Moreover, PhTX-II PLA₂ showed an allosteric behavior and its enzymatic activity was dependent on Ca²⁺. Examination of PhTX-II PLA₂ by CD spectroscopy indicated a high content of alpha-helical structures, similar to the known structure of secreted phospholipase IIA group suggesting a similar folding. PhTX-II PLA₂ causes neuromuscular blockade in avian neuromuscular preparations with a significant direct action on skeletal muscle function, as well as, induced local edema and myotoxicity, in mice. The treatment of PhTX-II by BPB resulted in complete loss of their catalytic activity that was accompanied by loss of their edematogenic effect. On the other hand, enzymatic activity of PhTX-II contributes to this neuromuscular blockade and local myotoxicity is dependent not only on enzymatic activity. These results show that PhTX-II is a myotoxic Asp49 PLA₂ that contributes with toxic actions caused by P. hyoprora venom.
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    Nutritional knowledge, anthropometric profile, total cholesterol and motivations in vegetarians and non-vegetarians
    (2021-03-10)
    Jacksaint Saintila
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    Tabita E. Lozano López
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    Background: Research often reports on the anthropometric and biochemical profile of vegetarians and non-vegetarians, yet few have compared nutritional knowledge in both populations. This cross-sectional study compared nutritional knowledge, anthropometric profile and total cholesterol in vegetarians and non-vegetarians. In addition, the motivations for choosing a vegetarian diet were analyzed. Methods: A registry card and a questionnaire were administered to evaluate sociodemographic, anthropometric, total cholesterol, nutritional knowledge and motivation data of the vegetarians. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and t-student tests, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: No significant difference was found in the level of nutritional knowledge of the two groups. In addition, a sufficient score was not observed in either group (>80 %). Vegetarians had significantly lower average weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) compared to non-vegetarians (59.948 ± 8,923 kg vs. 64.362 ± 12.272 kg, p=0.017), (23.22 ± 3.026 kg/m2 vs. 25.152 ± 3,373 kg/m2, p<0.01) and (78.435 ± 10.883 cm vs. 86.207 ± 13.662 cm, p<0.01), respectively. Total cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in vegetarians (166.307 ± 26.139 mg/dL vs. 189.138 ± 38.451 mg/dL, p<0.01). The "health benefits" were the main motivations to opt for vegetarianism (32.3%). Conclusions: Vegetarians presented a better anthropometric profile and lower levels of total cholesterol. However, there were no differences regarding knowledge levels. The highest proportion of vegetarian’s report choosing the vegetarian lifestyle for health reasons.
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    Psychometric Properties of the COVID-19 Protective Motivation Scale in Peruvians During the Health Emergency
    (2021-01-01)
    Bruno Cornejo
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    Brayan Vela
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    Lindsey W. Vilca
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    María Asunción Vallejos
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    OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 protective motivation scale (EMP-COVID-19) has been developed for the assessment of protective motivation. This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the EMP-COVID-19 for its application in the Peruvian community. METHODS: This is an observational, cross-sectional, instrumental design study, 483 adults (≥18 years) participated in the study, in 2 samples of 81 and 402 participants from the different macro-regions of Peru through an online survey using non-probabilistic sampling. Content validation was performed through expert judgment. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to evaluate the factor model of the EMP-COVID-19 was performed with the first sample. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to verify the goodness of fit of the analysis found in the EFA was performed with the second sample. The examination of convergent and discriminant validity included peer evaluations of each EMP-COVID-19 dimension. Finally, the reliability of the instrument was evaluated using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. RESULTS: The 3-factor related model presents better fit indices (CFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.077 [90% CI 0.069-0.085]) versus a unidimensional model (CFI = 0.91; TLI = 0.90; RMSEA = 0.206 [90% CI 0.199-0.213]). The scale present convergent and discriminant validity in all the dimensions Threat Appraisal (AVE = .57), Coping Appraisal (AVE = .81), and Response Costs (AVE = .67). The Coping Appraisal (α = .97; ω = .97), Threat Appraisal (α = .88; ω = .74), and Response Costs (α = .80; ω = .76) dimensions were also found to have adequate reliability indices. CONCLUSIONS: The EMP-COVID-19 scale demonstrated adequate reliability and validity based on internal structure in the study sample.
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    Health-Related Quality of Life, Blood Pressure, and Biochemical and Anthropometric Profile in Vegetarians and Nonvegetarians
    (2020-07-07)
    Jacksaint Saintila
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    Tabita E. Lozano López
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    Percy G. Ruiz Mamani
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    Several studies have been carried out which mainly focus on the analysis of the lipid profile in vegetarians and nonvegetarians. However, few studies have been undertaken in this population oriented to quality of life and health. This study aimed to compare health-related quality of life, blood pressure, and biochemical and anthropometric profile in vegetarians and nonvegetarians. The study included 149 participants out of an initial sample of 162: 62 vegetarians and 87 nonvegetarians. Health-related quality of life was assessed with the SF-12 Health Questionnaire version 2 and was related with the lipid profile, glucose, blood pressure, anthropometric measures, and sociodemographic characteristics. Vegetarians presented better Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), as well as higher LDL levels. No significant differences in HDL and TG concentrations were found. Serum glucose concentrations were significantly lower among vegetarians. Nonvegetarian males had higher diastolic pressure levels. Vegetarian women had significantly higher levels of systolic pressure. As for the physical health and mental health components of quality of life, no significant differences were found in vegetarian and nonvegetarian women and men. In conclusion, vegetarians presented a better anthropometric profile, lower glycaemia, and higher LDL levels but no significant differences in health-related quality of life compared with nonvegetarians.
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    Translation into Spanish and validation of feedback in medical education questionnaire (FEEDME-Culture) during clinical rotations
    (2020-11-06)
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    Juliana da Fonseca Campos
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    Martín D. Castillo-Ariza
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    Renzo Felipe Carranza Esteban
    El cuestionario Cultura de retroalimentación en educación médica es una escala validad que determina la percepción de la cultura de retroalimentación en países de habla inglesa. El objetivo de este trabajo es validar este cuestionario en su versión española en estudiantes de medicina peruanos durante una rotación clínica. Un estudio observacional, analítico de tipo instrumental fue realizado en 139 estudiantes de medicina. La validez de la escala fue determinada por V-de-Aiken e intervalos de confianza. Se realizaron pruebas de análisis factorial y alfa de Cronbach. Todos los valores fueron estadísticamente significativos cuando se evaluaron con el coeficiente V-de-Aiken. Además, la asimetría y curtosis de todos los ítems son adecuados ya que no exceden el rango >± 1.5. La significancia de la prueba de esfericidad de Barlett (1521.8; gl = 120; p = 0.001) y el coeficiente Kaiser Meyer-Olkin (KMO = .953) fueron adecuados y el análisis factorial exploratorio reveló una estructura de dos factores. El coeficiente α de Cronbach de la escala total y sus factores, fue superior a 0,80. El cuestionario Cultura de retroalimentación en educación médica en español es una escala válida para evaluar la percepción sobre la cultura de retroalimentación en estudiantes de medicina que están realizando rotación clínica. The Feedback-Culture in Medical Education questionnaire is a validated scale to determine students’ perceptions of feedback culture in English-speaking countries. The objective of this work is to validate this questionnaire in its Spanish language version for Peruvian medical students during a clinical rotation. An observational, instrumental-type analytical study was conducted on 139 medical students. The validity of the scale was determined by means of the Aiken's V coefficient and confidence intervals. Factorial analysis tests and Cronbach's alpha were performed. All values were statistically significant when evaluated with Aiken's V coefficient. In addition, the asymmetry and kurtosis of all items are adequate as they do not exceed the range >±1.5. The significance of the Barlett sphericity test (1521.8; gl = 120; p = 0.001) and the Kaiser Meyer-Olkin coefficient (KMO = .953) were adequate and exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure. Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale and its factors was higher than 0.80. The Feedback-Culture in Medical Education – Spanish questionnaire is a valid scale to evaluate the perception about feedback culture in medical students who are doing a clinical rotation.
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    Comparación de los perfiles de resistencia antimicrobiana de Escherichia coli uropatógena e incidencia de la producción de betalactamasas de espectro extendido en tres establecimientos privados de salud de Perú
    (2020-05-01)
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    Marco Galarza
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    Miguel Otiniano-Trujillo
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    Javier Soto-Pastrana
    Introduction: The appearance of multidrug-resistant and beta-lactamase producing enterobacteria in outpatient care facilities represent a public health problem in Perú. Objective: To compare the resistance profiles of uropathogenic Escherichia coli and to identify extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing phenotypes in three private health facilities located in the Peruvian coast, Andean and jungle regions. Materials and methods: We conducted a descriptive study on 98 urine samples from Lima (coast), Juliaca (Andean region) and Iquitos (jungle region) during 2016. We determined the antimicrobial susceptibility in 35 samples from Lima, 38 from Juliaca and 25 from Iquitos using eight antibiotic disks in samples from patients diagnosed with urinary infection. We also evaluated the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases with cefotaxime and ceftazidime disks and a combination of both with clavulanic acid on Mueller-Hinton agar. Results: We identified 18 resistance profiles ranging from those sensitive to others simultaneously resistant to seven antibiotics: 18.4% resistant to one and 54.0% to multiple antibiotics. We detected beta-lactamase production in 28.6% of the strains from the Puno region. Likewise, we observed a greater number of cases with resistance to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in Puno’s health facility in patients within the 31 to 45 year age range. Conclusion: Resistance profiles varied according to the geographical location of the health facilities under study. Resistance to antibiotics was higher in the Andean region with 28.6% of strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
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    Diversity and functionality of the gut microbiota in hypertensive patients from different regions of Peru
    (2025-12-15)
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    Milagros Nicole Villegas Suarez
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    Vasty Vanessa Rafael ccama
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    Miguel Otiniano-Trujillo
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    <ns3:p> Introduction Arterial hypertension affects around 19.4% of Peruvians over 15 years old, constituting a major public health issue. Recent evidence highlights the gut microbiome’s role in regulating blood pressure through bioactive metabolites that influence inflammation and metabolism. This study aims to characterize the gut microbiota of hypertensive adults from three Peruvian regions, contributing to the understanding of microbial influences on hypertension. Objective To analyze the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota in hypertensive and normotensive adults from different Peruvian regions, considering age, body mass index (BMI), and geographical location. Methods An observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study was conducted with 84 adults (46 hypertensive and 38 normotensive) from nine regions of Peru. Fecal samples underwent metagenomic sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4 region). Alpha and beta diversity were evaluated using the Shannon index, UniFrac distances, and multivariate analyses. Microbial functional pathways were examined to identify potential metabolic differences between groups. Results The dominant phyla in all groups were Bacillota and Bacteroidota. At the genus level, <ns3:italic>Streptococcus</ns3:italic> was associated with hypertensive patients with BMI ≥25, while <ns3:italic>Alistipes</ns3:italic> appeared only in normotensive individuals with BMI &lt;25. Alpha diversity was greater in hypertensive participants under 50 years and with BMI &lt;25, while lower diversity was seen in normotensive adults over 50 and with BMI ≥25. Beta diversity showed partial clustering by hypertension and age, with regional overlap. Functional profiles were similar among groups, mainly involving carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism, though BMI and age modulated these patterns. Conclusions Gut microbiota composition and diversity in Peruvian adults are influenced by hypertension, age, BMI, and region. Despite comparable functional profiles, environmental and nutritional factors may have a stronger impact than hypertension alone, offering insight for region-specific prevention and treatment strategies. </ns3:p>
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