Producción Científica UPeU

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttps://cris.upeu.edu.pe/handle/123456789/1

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A case of monkeypox and cytomegalovirus coinfection manifesting with crusted lesions mimicking rupiod syphilis
(2023-11-03)
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Jhoann Aurich
;
José Quiroz
Human monkeypox is a viral zoonosis that has recently emerged worldwide. Clinical cutaneous features include papules, vesicles, and pustules. However, atypical manifestations mimicking other infectious diseases are being reported more frequently. We present a 41-year-old man patient with untreated HIV with generalized rupioid crusted ulcerated plaques with perineal ulceration that were found to represent monkeypox and cytomegalovirus infections.
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Mitochondrial genome of the Peruvian scallop<i>Argopecten purpuratus</i>(Bivalvia: Pectinidae)
(2014-01-07)
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R. Alfaro
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Takafumi Fujimoto
;
Katsutoshi Arai
The mitochondrial genome of the Peruvian scallop Argopecten purpuratus was determined. The length of the mitochondrial coding region is 15,608 bp. A typical bivalve mitochondrial composition was detected with 12 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 21 transfer RNA genes, with the absence of the atp8 gene. Fifty percent of the protein-coding genes use typical ATG start codon, whereas five genes utilize ATA as their start codon. Only one gene was found to utilize TTG as its start codon. The A. purpuratus mitogenome shows a significant similarity to that of A. irradians irradians, in length as well as in gene composition.
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A glimpse into the genetic diversity of the Peruvian seafood sector: Unveiling species substitution, mislabeling and trade of threatened species
(2018-11-16)
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José Serna
;
Christian Robles
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Beder Ramírez
;
Lorenzo E. Reyes‐Flores
Peru is one of the world's leading fishing nations and its seafood industry relies on the trade of a vast variety of aquatic resources, playing a key role in the country's socio-economic development. DNA barcoding has become of paramount importance for systematics, conservation, and seafood traceability, complementing or even surpassing conventional identification methods when target organisms show similar morphology during the early life stages, have recently diverged, or have undergone processing. Aiming to increase our knowledge of the species diversity available across the Peruvian supply chain (from fish landing sites to markets and restaurants), we applied full and mini-barcoding approaches targeting three mitochondrial genes (COI, 16S, and 12S) and the control region to identify samples purchased at retailers from six departments along the north-central Peruvian coast. DNA barcodes from 131 samples were assigned to 55 species (plus five genus-level taxa) comprising 47 families, 24 orders, and six classes including Actinopterygii (45.03%), Chondrichthyes (36.64%), Bivalvia (6.87%), Cephalopoda (6.11%), Malacostraca (3.82%), and Gastropoda (1.53%). The identified samples included commercially important pelagic (anchovy, bonito, dolphinfish) and demersal (hake, smooth-hound, Peruvian rock seabass, croaker) fish species. Our results unveiled the marketing of protected and threatened species such as whale shark, Atlantic white marlin, smooth hammerhead (some specimens collected during closed season), shortfin mako, and pelagic thresher sharks. A total of 35 samples (26.72%) were mislabeled, including tilapia labeled as wild marine fish, dolphinfish and hake labeled as grouper, and different shark species sold as "smooth-hounds". The present study highlights the necessity of implementing traceability and monitoring programs along the entire seafood supply chain using molecular tools to enhance sustainability efforts and ensure consumer choice.
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Long-term effects of early antiretroviral initiation on HIV reservoir markers: a longitudinal analysis of the MERLIN clinical study
(2021-03-23)
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Rachel Bender Ignacio
;
Javier R. Lama
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Amélie Pagliuzza
;
Sayan Dasgupta
BACKGROUND: Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation (ie, within 3 months of infection) limits establishment of the HIV reservoir. However, the effect of early ART initiation on the long-term dynamics of the pool of infected cells remains unclear. METHODS: In this longitudinal analysis, we included cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (aged 18-54 years) at high risk for HIV infection, enrolled in the ongoing longitudinal MERLIN study in Peru between Oct 28, 2014, and Nov 8, 2018. Participants were eligible if they had been infected with HIV less than 90 days before enrolment, and if they had cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples. Participants were stratified into three groups on the basis of whether they initiated ART at 30 days or less (acute group), at 31-90 days (early group), or more than 24 weeks (deferred group) after the estimated date of detectable infection. PBMC samples were collected before ART initiation and longitudinally for up to 4 years on ART. The main outcomes were to establish the size of the HIV reservoir before ART initiation and to assess the effect of the timing of ART initiation on the decay of the HIV reservoir over 4 years follow-up. We quantified viral load, and isolated CD4 cells to quantify total HIV DNA, integrated HIV DNA and 2-long terminal repeat circles. Longitudinal analysis of active and inducible HIV reservoirs were measured by quantifying the frequency of CD4 cells producing multiply-spliced HIV RNA ex vivo and after in-vitro stimulation with a tat/rev induced limiting dilution assay (TILDA). A mixed-effects model from the time of ART initiation was used to measure longitudinal decays in viral loads and each HIV reservoir measure in each of the three groups. FINDINGS: We included 56 participants in this analysis, all of whom were MSM: 15 were in the acute group, 19 were in the early group, and 22 were in the deferred group. Participants in all three groups had similar levels of all HIV reservoir markers before ART initiation. All participants, including those in the acute group, had a pool of transcriptionally silent HIV-infected cells before ART initiation, as indicated by a substantial increase in TILDA measures upon stimulation. Longitudinal analysis over 4 years of ART revealed a biphasic decay of all HIV persistence markers, with a rapid initial decline followed by a slower decay in all participants. During the first-phase decay, the half-lives of both total and integrated HIV DNA and TILDA measures were significantly shorter in the acute group than in the early and deferred groups. During the second-phase decay, HIV reservoir markers continued to decline only in participants in the acute group. INTERPRETATION: Participants who initiated ART within 30 days or less of HIV infection showed a steeper and more sustained decay in HIV reservoir measures, suggesting long-term benefit of acute ART initiation on reservoir clearance. FUNDING: The US National Institutes of Health and the Canadian Institutes for Health Research.
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Single-cell multiomics reveals persistence of HIV-1 in expanded cytotoxic T cell clones
(2022-03-22)
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Runxia Liu
;
Delia Pinto-Santini
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Neal G. Ravindra
;
Carmela Ganoza
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Single-cell epigenetic, transcriptional, and protein profiling of latent and active HIV-1 reservoir revealed that IKZF3 promotes HIV-1 persistence
(2023-11-01)
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Timothy C. Davenport
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Jack A. Collora
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Haocong Katherine Ma
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Delia Pinto-Santini
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Viral Load Dynamics in Plasma and Semen When Antiretroviral Therapy Is Initiated During Early HIV-1 Infection
(2023-11-24)
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Angela K. Ulrich
;
Yixin Wang
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Javier R. Lama
;
Ricardo Alfaro
We assessed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) load in plasma and semen during primary HIV infection using serial samples of semen and plasma during the first 24 weeks after diagnosis in untreated participants and those who started antiretroviral therapy (ART) immediately at diagnosis. In the absence of treatment, semen viral load was >1000 copies/mL in almost all specimens (83%) collected 2-10 weeks after the estimated date of HIV acquisition and remained >1000 copies/mL in 35% of untreated participants at the last observed time point. Thus, in the absence of ART, semen viral load remained at a level consistent with transmissibility throughout primary infection.
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Development and validation of versatile species-specific primer assays for eDNA monitoring and authentication of 10 commercially important Peruvian marine species
(2025-07-02)
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R. Alfaro
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Lorenzo E. Reyes‐Flores
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Claudia Ingar
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Luis E. Santos‐Rojas
Molecular identification assays provide crucial support in the research and regulation of aquatic resources. Among them, species-specific primers provide significant discriminatory power for fast and simultaneous differentiation of closely related species. In this study, we developed species-specific primers for environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring and identification of 10 fish and shellfish species commonly found in the Peruvian seafood sector. To ensure versatility and high specificity, our primers were subjected to various testing methods including PCR, qPCR, and DNA sequencing, supported by robust validation assays. This validation process included a) an in-silico stage using self-generated and public DNA sequences; b) an in-vitro stage using target species sourced from vouchered specimens, as well as fresh and cooked commercial samples, early life stages, and a wide range of non-target species; and c) an in-situ stage using eDNA samples collected from different Peruvian marine ecosystems. Our novel species-specific primers successfully passed the validation process, demonstrating high efficiency and specificity by unequivocally identifying all target species with 100% accuracy and without cross-species reactions. These primers are thus valuable tools for eDNA monitoring, seafood authentication, and combating illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing. The assays presented in this study can support effective fishery management and conservation efforts not only in the Peruvian fishery sector but also in other countries where our target species are present or imported.
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Cross-cultural measurement invariance of the purpose in life test - Short form (PIL-SF) in seven Latin American countries
(2022-07-28)
Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez
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Lindsey W. Vilca
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Mauricio Cervigni
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Miguel Gallegos
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Pablo Martino
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Cross-national measurement invariance of the Purpose in Life Test in seven Latin American countries
(2022-09-16)
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Lindsey W. Vilca
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Mauricio Cervigni
;
Miguel Gallegos
;
Pablo Martino
The Purpose in Life Test (PIL) is a measure of purpose in life widely used in many cultures and countries; however, cross-cultural assessments are scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the PIL in the general population of seven Latin American countries (Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay). A total of 4306 people participated, selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling, where Uruguay has the highest mean age ( M = 41.8; SD = 16.6 years); while Ecuador has the lowest mean age ( M = 24.6; SD = 7.8 years). Furthermore, in each country, there is a higher proportion of women (&gt;60%) than men (&lt;40%). Using Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the factorial structure does not show evidence of invariance among the included countries. However, based on the Multi-Group Factor Analysis Alignment, there is evidence that a three-dimensional structure of the PIL (Meaning of existence, Freedom to make meaning in daily life and Will to find meaning in the face of future challenges) is the same in the participating countries. Results based on item response theory indicate that most PIL items can significantly differentiate responses according to the level of life purpose. In addition, people with low life purpose will tend to choose the lower response alternatives on the PIL; while people with higher life purpose will choose higher response alternatives. The findings indicate that the PIL has the potential to increase knowledge about how people conceive and experience their purpose in life in different countries.
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