Producción Científica UPeU

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttps://cris.upeu.edu.pe/handle/123456789/1

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Fecha de inicio: 2020Tema: search.filters.subject.Chemistry

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  • Publicacion
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    Development and validation of versatile species-specific primer assays for eDNA monitoring and authentication of 10 commercially important Peruvian marine species
    (2025-07-02)
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    R. Alfaro
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    Lorenzo E. Reyes‐Flores
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    Claudia Ingar
    ;
    Luis E. Santos‐Rojas
    Molecular identification assays provide crucial support in the research and regulation of aquatic resources. Among them, species-specific primers provide significant discriminatory power for fast and simultaneous differentiation of closely related species. In this study, we developed species-specific primers for environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring and identification of 10 fish and shellfish species commonly found in the Peruvian seafood sector. To ensure versatility and high specificity, our primers were subjected to various testing methods including PCR, qPCR, and DNA sequencing, supported by robust validation assays. This validation process included a) an in-silico stage using self-generated and public DNA sequences; b) an in-vitro stage using target species sourced from vouchered specimens, as well as fresh and cooked commercial samples, early life stages, and a wide range of non-target species; and c) an in-situ stage using eDNA samples collected from different Peruvian marine ecosystems. Our novel species-specific primers successfully passed the validation process, demonstrating high efficiency and specificity by unequivocally identifying all target species with 100% accuracy and without cross-species reactions. These primers are thus valuable tools for eDNA monitoring, seafood authentication, and combating illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing. The assays presented in this study can support effective fishery management and conservation efforts not only in the Peruvian fishery sector but also in other countries where our target species are present or imported.
      5
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    Cross-cultural measurement invariance of the purpose in life test - Short form (PIL-SF) in seven Latin American countries
    (2022-07-28)
    Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez
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    Lindsey W. Vilca
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    Mauricio Cervigni
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    Miguel Gallegos
    ;
    Pablo Martino
      6
  • Publicacion
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    Sample size in quantitative instrument validation studies: A systematic review of articles published in Scopus, 2021
    (2022-12-01)
    BACKGROUND: Due to the range of conflicting criteria regarding minimum sample size needed for a scale/questionnaire validation study, the objective of this review is to analyze sample sizes used in published journal articles to contribute a pragmatic perspective to the discussion on sample sizes. METHODS: A sample of 1999 articles published in a Scopus-indexed journal about the validation of a scale or questionnaire during 2021 were analyzed for this study. Abstracts from these articles were tabulated by two data entry professionals and any discrepancies were reviewed by the author. The sample size data was grouped by highest quartile of the journal publishing the article and further sub-categorized based on the inclusion of medical patients or students in each study's population. RESULTS: From the total sample, 1750 articles provided sufficient information in their summary to determine the sample size used. Of these, the majority were published in quartile 1 (784) and quartile 2 (620) journals. Mean values by quartile ranged from 389 (quartile 3) to 2032 (quartile 1), but extreme outliers limited the usefulness of the simple mean. Thus, outlier-removed means were calculated, and in most cases, these sample size values were higher for studies involving students and lower for studies involving patients. DISCUSSION: This study is limited by its focus on a single database and by including all phases of validation from initial quantitative instrument design studies (which tend to have the lowest sample sizes) up to international macro-studies (which can have hundreds of thousands of participants.) Nevertheless, the results of this study provide an additional practical perspective for the academic discussion regarding minimum sample size based on accepted practice.
      177  1
  • Publicacion
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    MEASURING BOREDOM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
    (2023-04-30)
    José Ventura‐León
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    Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez
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    Brian Norman Peña-Calero
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    The aim of this study was to translate into Spanish and validate the Boredom Proneness Scale-Short (SBPS) in a sample of young people and adults in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 588 people between 17 and 53 years of age (M = 21.70; SD = 5.22) was selected as a sample. The methodology used combined Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Item Response Theory (IRT) to determine the internal structure, factor weights and reliability, which was estimated by means of the omega coefficient test information functioning and empirical or marginal reliability. Evidence of convergent validity of the SBPS was explored based on its relationship with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2). Results reveal that the SBPS is a measure that should be interpreted uni-dimensionally. Reliability was excellent and convergence with the GAD-2 and PHQ-2 presented the expected relationship in both magnitude and direction.
      1
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    Academic co-creation: development and validation of a short scale
    (2023-09-21)
    José Ventura‐León
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    Andy Rick Sánchez‐Villena
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    Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez
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    Introduction Given the profound changes caused in higher education by the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting 1.6 billion students and 63 million educators globally, there arises the necessity for quantifiable measures that capture the essence of academic co-creation. This study aimed to develop and validate a short scale that measures academic co-creation (AC-S) in a sample of higher education students. Methods A total of 3,169 students from three Peruvian cities participated in the study (Mean Age = 25.77 years old; SD = 8.92 years); 1889 were female (59.60%) and 1,280 (40.40%) males. Qualitative and quantitative procedures were used for test construction. Item response theory (IRT) under the two-parameter graded response model (GRM-2PL) and test information function were used to examine reliability; additionally, a brief measure of academic satisfaction was used to provide evidence of relationship with another variable. Results The AC-S displayed strong fit and reliability, assessed through the test information function and standard error. It also showed a moderate correlation with academic satisfaction, bolstering its validity by linking with a pertinent variable. Its brevity enhances its practicality for education and research, efficiently fitting explanatory models and educational contexts. Despite substantial sample size and advanced psychometric methods, the study acknowledges limitations in sample representativeness and cross-sectional design. In conclusion, IRT and SEM techniques compellingly support the AC-S’s reliability and validity. Conclusion The scale’s one-dimensionality, local independence, reliability, and academic satisfaction relationship form a foundation for future exploration of co-creation-based educational models. Further studies should evaluate its performance across diverse cultural contexts.
      4  1
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    The WMS Healthy Lifestyle Scale for Adolescents: Development and Validation Based on a Second-order General Factor Model
    (2020-06-19)
    Lindsey W. Vilca
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    Silvia E. Moori
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    Fernando D. Solís-Guevara
    Objective: We developed and validated the psychometric properties of a scale to assess healthy lifestyle in adolescents aged 12 to 18. Methods: A pilot sample of 404 adolescents (54% males and 46% females) and a confirmatory sample of 1713 adolescents (48.7% males and 51.3% females) were considered. Results: In the pilot study, we performed an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), where the toxic relations dimension was changed to the social relations dimension. In the confirmatory study, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), where the second-order general factor model presented adequate adjustment indices (CFI = .94; TLI = .93; RMSEA = .04 [90% CI = .039-.044] ; SRMR = .05). In addition, the global scale presented an adequate composite reliability index (CRI = .87) along with the 8 proposed dimensions: social relationships (.62), leisure habits (.55); risk-taking behaviors (.82), eating habits (.66); search for clean air (.57); sun protection (.79); physical activity (.65) and water drinking (.68). Conclusions: The results of the study contribute to an adequate measurement of the construct and evidence for the existence of a second-order general factor model. Furthermore, the study provides a conceptual and statistical basis for the psychometric development of the WMS scale in subsequent studies.
      3
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    Physicochemical characterization of andean papaya in southern Peru
    (2024-05-02)
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    Winy del Pilar Valdez Baca
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    Ricardo Nahuel Valenzuela Antezana
    The Andean papaya (Carica pubescens) is an underexplored fruit with significant agro-industrial potential due to its unique characteristics and non-seasonal production. This study aimed to characterize Andean papaya produced by the “Asociación de Productores de Papaya Andina Orgánica de la Provincia de Sandia” (ASPPAO) in Peru. Random samples were analyzed one-day post-harvest to assess weight distribution, physicochemical properties, and color. Results indicated an average fruit weight of 192.26 ± 19.86 g, with a distribution of 56.62% mesocarp, 26.73% endocarp (including 5.61% seeds and 21.12% mucilage), and 16.65% peel. The endocarp, which is the most used part for processing, had a favorable proportion and high value compared to other fruits. The fruit had an average width of 93.18 ± 9.36 mm, height of 69.61 ± 9.55 mm, and volume of 220.50 ± 35.39 cm³, showing variation due to size differences between fruits. Each fruit contained an average of 150.10 ± 19.93 seeds, with a texture of 9.52 ± 2.28 kg/cm², a mesocarp thickness of 11.57 ± 1.30 mm, and a pH of 4.75 ± 0.71. The color analysis revealed that the peel was yellow, the pulp slightly yellow, the mucilage values close to white, and the seeds light brown. The fruit had a low total solids content and titratable acidity expressed in vitamin C with a maturity index of 14.37 ± 3.29. Additionally, chemical differences were observed between the pulp and mucilage, with the latter having higher values of total solids and titratable acidity and slightly more acidic pH values. Further studies are necessary to investigate the chemical content of this product and its potential health effects.
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    Exploring the Future of Extrusion with Andean Grains: Macromolecular Changes, Innovations, Future Trends and Food Security
    (2025-01-18)
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    Julio Vidaurre-Ruiz
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    Laura Linares-García
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    Ritva Repo‐Carrasco‐Valencia
      3
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    ANÁLISIS CUANTITATIVO DE METANO A PARTIR DE VÍSCERAS DE TRUCHA (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) SOMETIDAS A DIGESTIÓN ANAEROBIA
    (2025-01-01)
    Roenfi Guerra
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    Eduardo Juan Manzaneda Cabala
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    Edwin Federico Orna Rivas
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    Elvira Anani Durand Goyzueta
    El presente estudio evaluó el potencial de las vísceras de trucha como sustrato para la producción de biogás mediante digestión anaerobia, con el fin de aprovechar un residuo de alta carga orgánica generado por la industria acuícola de la región de Puno, Perú. Este trabajo se desarrolló bajo un enfoque experimental tipo batch, con seguimiento diario de la producción acumulada de biogás durante quince días, utilizando seis reactores distribuidos en dos condiciones térmicas: 35W y 50W. El sustrato se mezcló con lodo anaerobio activo en proporción 3:1 (materia orgánica:inóculo) y se mantuvieron condiciones mesofílicas controladas. Las variables principales analizadas fueron el volumen acumulado de biogás (mL) y el porcentaje volumétrico de metano (CH₄). Los resultados evidenciaron una rápida fase de adaptación microbiana durante los primeros días, seguida de una etapa de producción activa hasta el día 5, momento en el cual ambos tratamientos alcanzaron la estabilización del sistema. El volumen total de biogás producido a 50W fue de 176 mL, superando en 17 % al obtenido a 35W (150 mL), mientras que la composición promedio del gas presentó un contenido de metano entre 63 y 65 %. En términos ambientales, la transformación de estos residuos piscícolas en biogás contribuye a la reducción de desechos orgánicos y emisiones de gases contaminantes, promoviendo la generación de energía renovable en zonas altoandinas. En conclusión, las vísceras de trucha representan un recurso bioenergético viable, y su aprovechamiento mediante digestión anaerobia se proyecta como una alternativa sostenible y de alto impacto para la gestión ambiental y el desarrollo energético en la región de Puno.
      1
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    Características fisicoquímicas, mecánicas y sensoriales de salchichas secas tipo cabanossi elaboradas con carne de llama (Lama glama) y cerdo (Sus scrofa domestica)
    (2020-06-01)
    Miriam Ramos
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    Oscar Jordán-Suárez
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    Tarsila Tuesta
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    Marcial Silva
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    Reynaldo Silva
    Se estableci la caracterizacin de salchichas secas tipo cabanossi con carne de llama, cerdo y muestras comerciales mediante un anlisis proximal (contenidos de grasa: 18,6 a 29,6% y protena: 19,4 a 36,2%), color (C*: 15,8 a 33,7), actividad de agua (0,770 a 0,960), pH (5,2 a 6,5) y propiedades mecnicas como dureza (47,8 a 124 N) y masticabilidad (9,4 a 33,2 N). Se obtuvieron 19 descriptores a partir de la opinin de 83 consumidores; luego, se emple el mtodo CATA (Check-all-that-apply) para describir las caractersticas sensoriales del cabanossi empleando 55 consumidores. Se evidenci que el cabanossi con carne de llama present el menor contenido de grasa total y cidos grasos saturados, y mayor contenido de cidos grasos poliinsaturados en comparacin a las otras muestras. Los descriptores ms utilizados fueron: olor caracterstico/embutido, sabor a especias/condimentos, picante y sensacin residual picante. Los consumidores indicaron como atributos relevantes para la aceptabilidad al color rojo claro, blando/suave, masticable y picante. La utilizacin de carne de llama constituye una alternativa en el desarrollo de nuevos productos crnicos basados sobre las caractersticas presentadas.
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