Fernandez Mallma, Israel Joselito

Preferred name

Main Affiliation

pastorisrael@upeu.edu.pe

ORCID

0000-0002-6255-0505

Scopus Author ID

58781680600

Mostrando 1 - 10 de 14

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Student Evaluation of Teachers’ Effectiveness (SETE) scale: translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties in a Latin American sample
(2024-07-24)
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José Lívia Segovia
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Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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Introduction Teacher effectiveness is a burgeoning field. Those responsible for educational policies seem increasingly committed to this fact, since it is one of the most important factors that influence the success of a university student; for this reason, the study of this topic has gained relevance in recent years. Therefore, an instrument with adequate psychometric properties is needed to measure this construct in Spanish-speaking countries. Objective The study had the purpose of translating, adapting, and evaluating the internal structure, providing evidence of reliability and validity of the Student Evaluation of Teachers’ Effectiveness (SETE) Scale in a Latin American sample. Methods An instrumental study was carried out and through convenience sampling, data were collected from 1,000 university students from South America belonging to a private educational network. The participants were between 18 and 40 years old (M = 21.25, SD = 2.99). Analyzes used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 24 statistical software. Results Confirmatory Factor Analysis provided a 4-factor, 28-item fit model (CMIN/DF = 4.359; CFI = 0.956; SRMR = 0.030; RMSEA = 0.058). The results demonstrated good internal consistency (α = between 0.927 and 0.961; CR = between 0.927 and 0.962; AVE = between 0.646 and 0.799). Evidence of validity and reliability was obtained for the total sample. Discussion This adaptation and validation of the SETE scale makes it a valid, useful, reliable, and necessary tool that can be considered to evaluate teachers’ effectiveness from the perspective of university students.
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Spanish Version of a Scale to Evaluate the Quality of Work Life in Teachers: An Adaptation of Walton’s QWL Model in the Peruvian Context
(2023-11-28)
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Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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Workers' job satisfaction benefits the organization, which constitutes a competitive advantage. This is why the Quality of Work Life (QoWL) study has gained relevance in recent years. For this reason, various scales have been developed to evaluate this organizational variable constantly. However, to date, there is no evidence in the scientific literature of a Spanish version that evaluates the validity and reliability of these scales in a Peruvian context. Thus, this study aimed to translate into Spanish and adapt and analyze the validity and reliability of a scale to assess the quality of work life in Peruvian teachers based on Walton's model. For this purpose, 457 regular basic education teachers from a private educational network located in the three regions of Peru were surveyed. The analyses used the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the AMOS 24 statistical software. Confirmatory Factor Analysis provided an excellent fit model of eight factors and 31 elements (CMIN/DF = 2.351; CFI = 0.955; SRMR = 0.062; RMSEA = 0.054; Pclose = 0.052). It also demonstrated good internal consistency (α = between 0.806 and 0.938; CR = between 0.824 and 0.939; AVE = between 0.547 and 0.794). These results contribute to the study of QoWL in Peru.
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Scale to Evaluate Employee Experience: Evidence of Validity and Reliability in Regular Basic Education Teachers in the Peruvian Context
(2024-08-01)
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Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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Research on employee experience is a topic that has been growing in recent decades. This study analyzes the validity and reliability of an employee experience scale in Peruvian teachers. The study had an instrumental design. The sample was comprised of 760 Peruvian teachers between 20 and 71 years old (M = 40.91; SD = 10.05), where men (36.1%) and women (63.9%) participated, recruited through non-probabilistic sampling. A validity and reliability analysis of the employee experience scale confirmed the three original factors (sensory experience, intellectual experience, and emotional experience). The KMO test reaches a high level (0.950 > 0.70), and the Bartlett test reaches a highly significant level (Sig. = 0.000). The scale also showed good internal consistency (α = 0.948 to 0.980; CR = 0.950 to 0.981; AVE = 0.864 to 0.878). Similarly, for the confirmatory factor analysis, a measurement adjustment was performed, obtaining excellent and acceptable fit indices for Model 2 for three factors (CMIN/DF = 4.764; CFI = 0.984; SRMR = 0.024; RMSEA = 0.070). This study provides a useful tool to measure the employee experience in a friendly way, using simple language to be applied to the Peruvian context. This study is considered an important contribution to organizational behavior and human talent management in educational circles.
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Investigating the Association Between Transformational Leadership and Job Satisfaction: The Role of Gratitude Towards the Organization in the Peruvian Context
(2025-09-05)
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Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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Leadership literature suggests that a transformational leadership style can reduce negative employee outcomes, even in challenging work environments such as the education sector, where teachers play a key role in social development. This study aimed to analyze the association between transformational leadership and job satisfaction: the role of gratitude toward the organization in the Peruvian context. A cross-sectional study with an explanatory design was conducted considering 457 men and women who declared themselves teachers, aged between 18 and 73 years (M = 38.63; SD = 10.61), recruited through non-probability convenience sampling. The theoretical model was evaluated using the Partial Least Squares method (PLS-SEM). An adequately fitting measurement model was obtained (α = between 0.893 and 0.969; CR = between 0.897 and 0.971; AVE = between 0.757 and 0.845), demonstrating that transformational leadership is positively associated with the components of gratitude toward the organization and job satisfaction, as well as the association of the components of gratitude toward the organization and job satisfaction. In turn, it was evident how gratitude toward the organization plays a mediating role in these relationships. In this sense, the study provides valuable information for Peruvian educational leaders seeking to improve indicators of satisfaction, gratitude, and leadership in their work environment. These findings enrich educational management, given that it is the first empirical study to demonstrate these links in a challenging sector of an emerging country, offering a solid foundation for the development of more humanized, effective, and sustainable management strategies.
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The Human Side of Leadership: Exploring the Impact of Servant Leadership on Work Happiness and Organizational Justice
(2024-12-04)
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Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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The leadership literature suggests that a servant leadership style can reduce negative employee outcomes, even in challenging work environments such as the educational sector, where teachers play a key role in social development. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of servant leadership on work happiness and organizational justice. An explanatory study was carried out including 210 men and women who declared that they perform teaching activities, aged between 21 and 68 years (M = 38.63, SD = 10.00). The data were collected using a self-report scale of servant leadership, work happiness and organizational justice, obtaining an adequate measurement model (α = between 0.902 and 0.959; CR = between 0.923 and 0.963; AVE = 0.604 and 0.631; VIF = between 1.880 and 2.727). The theoretical model was evaluated using the Partial Least-Squares PLS-SEM method. According to the results, the hypotheses were confirmed, demonstrating that there is a significant positive effect of servant leadership on work happiness (β = 0.69; p < 0.001) and organizational justice (β = 0.24; p < 0.001) and a positive effect of work happiness on organizational justice (β = 0.61; p < 0.001). This research provides valuable insight for educational leaders seeking to improve perceptions of happiness and justice in their organizations and promotes servant leadership to achieve this goal.
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The Role of Relationship Marketing and Brand Love Among Banking Consumers in an Emerging Market Context
(2024-12-20)
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Miguel Angel Gallegos-Reyes
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Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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Relationship marketing is a concept that focuses not only on increasing the volume of relationship transactions, but also on improving consumer perception. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the influence of relationship marketing dimensions on brand love. An explanatory study was conducted considering 417 participants who confirmed their affiliation with a bank. Adults aged between 18 and 52 years participated in the study. Data were collected using a self-administered relationship marketing and brand love form, obtaining an adequate measurement model (α = between 0.842 and 0.908; CR = between 0.905 and 0.942; AVE = 0.679 and 0.845; VIFs = between 1.638 and 2.802). The theoretical model was evaluated using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. According to the results, the hypotheses were confirmed, demonstrating the positive influence of trust (β = 0.40), commitment (β = 0.08), communication (β = 0.12), and conflict management (β = 0.08) on brand love. These results demonstrated that trust, as a dimension of relationship marketing, guarantees a greater contribution to the structural model. The implementation of relationship marketing practices and strategies that emphasize trust by banks can strengthen brand love and foster developing markets in an emerging economy. Although previous studies have analyzed some factors that influence brand love, the topic has not been examined from a relationship marketing perspective, which provides valuable insights for the banking industry, stakeholders, academy, and leaders in business administration.
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Changes in the Digital World: An Explanatory Analysis of the Key Factors Linked to Virtual Interactivity
(2025-07-14)
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Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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Ledy Gómez-Bayona
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David Villar
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Magaly Pari-Apaza
Virtual interactivity in marketing has evolved significantly in recent decades, becoming an essential tool for effectively connecting with consumers in digital environments. Through interactive digital platforms, brands can generate a two-way dialogue with their customers, allowing them to obtain instant feedback and adapt their strategies quickly and effectively. This not only improves but also contributes to strengthening brand love and fostering long-term loyalty. In this context, this research aimed to analyze the effect of virtual interactivity on customer loyalty and WOM through multiple sequential mediation paths, considering the elements of relationship marketing and examining the cognitive (trust–commitment), communicational (communication–conflict management), and experiential (brand love–WOM) mechanisms that operate in digital consumer–brand interactions. A cross-sectional and explanatory study was conducted, considering 417 frequent customers of brands who also follow brands on social media. Participants included women (60.7%) and men (39.3%), ranging in age from 19 to 52 years (M = 30.9 and SD = 6.0). Data were collected using a self-report form on virtual interactivity, relationship marketing, WOW, customer loyalty, and brand love, yielding an appropriate measurement model (α = between 0.791 and 0.908; CR = between 0.791 and 0.916; AVE = between 0.679 and 0.845) which was statistically analyzed using PLS-SEM. The hypotheses confirmed the proposed model, observing the effect of virtual interactivity on important brand factors. This research provides valid results linked to the digital world in banking contexts.
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Leadership Styles in Non-Profit Institutions: An Empirical Study for the Validation and Reliability of a Scale in the Latin American Context
(2025-01-26)
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Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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There is no doubt that leadership is one of the most researched and disseminated topics in recent years, and over time, some distinguished models have developed a solid foundation and a reputable structure. From this perspective, this study analyzes the evidence of validity and reliability of a scale that assesses leadership styles in non-profit institutions. The study had an instrumental design. The sample consisted of 272 workers from nine Latin American countries, aged between 19 and 68 years (M = 34.08 and SD = 8.61), recruited through non-probabilistic sampling. A validity and reliability analysis of the scale confirmed the nine items and three original factors (servant, empowering and shared leadership). The KMO test reached a high level (0.898 > 0.70), and the Bartlett test reached a highly significant level (Sig. = 0.000). The scale also showed good internal consistency (α = 0.918 to 0.956; CR = 0.918 to 0.957; AVE = 0.755 to 0.880). Likewise, for the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, a measurement adjustment was performed, obtaining excellent and acceptable fit indices for Model 2 (CMIN/DF = 1.794; CFI = 0.993; SRMR = 0.023; RMSEA = 0.054; Pclose = 0.369). This study provides a brief and useful tool to measure leadership styles in Latin America, as a scale used specifically for this context would allow for a more accurate and valid assessment. This is crucial for generating effective organizational interventions, fostering the development of authentic leaders, and improving the competitiveness of non-profit institutions.
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Assessing the contribution of corporate social responsibility to the dynamics of sustainable markets: the role of corporate image, satisfaction, and customer loyalty
(2026-02-09)
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Yover Fernández
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Mireya Perez-Salluca
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Introduction Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has always played an essential role in the market, contributing to a more competitive and efficient business environment that must be incorporated across sectors, including financial institutions. This research examined whether CSR, customer satisfaction, and corporate image are related to customer loyalty. Methods An explanatory study was conducted with 424 Peruvians aged 18–68 ( M = 32.70, SD = 10.66). Data were collected using a self-report scale of CSR, corporate image, satisfaction, and customer loyalty. The theoretical model was evaluated using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Results A measurement model with adequate fit was obtained (α = 0.901–0.950; CR = 0.902–0.950; AVE = 0.746–0.910). Based on the results, a positive related was demonstrated between CSR with the customer loyalty (β = 0.264; p &lt; 0.000; t = 4.593) and corporate image (β = 0.235; p &lt; 0.000; t = 4.615); between satisfaction with the customer loyalty (β = 0.317; p &lt; 0.000; t = 4.061) and corporate image (β = 0.645; p &lt; 0.000; t = 12.766), and between corporate image with the customer loyalty (β = 0.235; p = 0.005; t = 2.810). Discussion The study offers a valuable theoretical contribution by situating the proposed model within the integrative framework of sustainability psychology, stakeholder theory, and the Triple Bottom Line (TBL). Furthermore, it provides a significant empirical contribution by arguing that strategic investments in CSR, such as environmental finance, digitalization, and inclusive initiatives, yield tangible environmental and social benefits. These practices align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and strengthen customer loyalty. The findings encourage decision-makers to integrate measurable sustainability actions informed by sustainability psychology to understand the individual and collective psychological processes that promote sustainable practices across organizational, social, and environmental contexts.
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Factors driving educational quality within the framework of SDG 4 for the 2030 agenda: what do training professionals think the 21st century?
(2025-12-10)
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Jesús Alfredo Apaza-Cáceres
Introduction Achieving educational quality has always been an essential pillar for sustainable development, social equity, and the transformation of education systems globally. Educational institutions, especially those responsible for training future professionals, play a strategic role in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) by fostering inclusive and equitable educational processes centered on meaningful learning. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the influence of teachers’ effectiveness and English language acculturation on educational quality, examining the mediating role of disposition learning. Methods A cross-sectional explanatory study was conducted with the participation of 457 university students. The sample was distributed between women (57.8%) and men (42.2%), with ages ranging from 18 to 37 years ( M = 21.87; SD = 3). Data were collected using an online self-report questionnaire and analyzed using PLS-SEM. Internal consistency coefficients showed adequate values and confirmed the internal robustness of each construct. Results The hypotheses were supported, with teachers’ effectiveness and disposition learning found to influence educational quality, while teachers’ effectiveness and English language acculturation influenced disposition learning, with the latter assuming a mediating role. However, the proposed model shows that the direct effect of English language acculturation on educational quality is not statistically significant. Discussion This new model suggests a reevaluation of existing models on the topics analyzed, given that it involves emerging variables for higher education. The validated findings of this research provide valuable information for higher education management and leadership seeking to achieve higher levels of educational quality. This model merits special attention in future research, including the exploration of other potential factors and the application of these findings to diverse contexts and cultures.

Fernandez Mallma, Israel Joselito

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