Spanish translation and validation of the "Music@Home" scale to evaluate music exposure at home and children's interaction

The study aimed to culturally adapt and psychometrically validate the Spanish version of the Music@Home-Preschool scale to evaluate musical exposure in the home of Peruvian preschool children. An instrumental study was conducted with 174 tutors of children aged 4 to 11, using translation-backtranslation and confirmatory factor analysis to compare bifactorial, multidimensional, and one-dimensional models. The bifactorial model did not show adequate convergence, while the multidimensional model, reduced to 11 items, improved the fit without reaching optimal levels. In contrast, the one-dimensional model with 7 items presented an acceptable fit (CFI=0.95; RMSEA=0.08) and high internal consistency (α=0.87; ω=0.86). It is concluded that the Spanish version presents a solid unidimensional structure, evidencing cultural differences from the original model. This reduced version is useful for evaluation and intervention in educational and community contexts with limited resources.