Fernandez Mallma, Israel Joselito

Preferred name
Fernandez Mallma, Israel Joselito
Main Affiliation
Email
pastorisrael@upeu.edu.pe
ORCID
Scopus Author ID

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Mostrando 1 - 10 de 14
  • Publicacion
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    The Human Side of Leadership: Exploring the Impact of Servant Leadership on Work Happiness and Organizational Justice
    (2024-12-04)
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    Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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    The leadership literature suggests that a servant leadership style can reduce negative employee outcomes, even in challenging work environments such as the educational sector, where teachers play a key role in social development. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of servant leadership on work happiness and organizational justice. An explanatory study was carried out including 210 men and women who declared that they perform teaching activities, aged between 21 and 68 years (M = 38.63, SD = 10.00). The data were collected using a self-report scale of servant leadership, work happiness and organizational justice, obtaining an adequate measurement model (α = between 0.902 and 0.959; CR = between 0.923 and 0.963; AVE = 0.604 and 0.631; VIF = between 1.880 and 2.727). The theoretical model was evaluated using the Partial Least-Squares PLS-SEM method. According to the results, the hypotheses were confirmed, demonstrating that there is a significant positive effect of servant leadership on work happiness (β = 0.69; p < 0.001) and organizational justice (β = 0.24; p < 0.001) and a positive effect of work happiness on organizational justice (β = 0.61; p < 0.001). This research provides valuable insight for educational leaders seeking to improve perceptions of happiness and justice in their organizations and promotes servant leadership to achieve this goal.
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    Investigating the Association Between Transformational Leadership and Job Satisfaction: The Role of Gratitude Towards the Organization in the Peruvian Context
    (2025-09-05)
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    Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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    Leadership literature suggests that a transformational leadership style can reduce negative employee outcomes, even in challenging work environments such as the education sector, where teachers play a key role in social development. This study aimed to analyze the association between transformational leadership and job satisfaction: the role of gratitude toward the organization in the Peruvian context. A cross-sectional study with an explanatory design was conducted considering 457 men and women who declared themselves teachers, aged between 18 and 73 years (M = 38.63; SD = 10.61), recruited through non-probability convenience sampling. The theoretical model was evaluated using the Partial Least Squares method (PLS-SEM). An adequately fitting measurement model was obtained (α = between 0.893 and 0.969; CR = between 0.897 and 0.971; AVE = between 0.757 and 0.845), demonstrating that transformational leadership is positively associated with the components of gratitude toward the organization and job satisfaction, as well as the association of the components of gratitude toward the organization and job satisfaction. In turn, it was evident how gratitude toward the organization plays a mediating role in these relationships. In this sense, the study provides valuable information for Peruvian educational leaders seeking to improve indicators of satisfaction, gratitude, and leadership in their work environment. These findings enrich educational management, given that it is the first empirical study to demonstrate these links in a challenging sector of an emerging country, offering a solid foundation for the development of more humanized, effective, and sustainable management strategies.
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    Scale to Evaluate Employee Experience: Evidence of Validity and Reliability in Regular Basic Education Teachers in the Peruvian Context
    (2024-08-01)
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    Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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    Research on employee experience is a topic that has been growing in recent decades. This study analyzes the validity and reliability of an employee experience scale in Peruvian teachers. The study had an instrumental design. The sample was comprised of 760 Peruvian teachers between 20 and 71 years old (M = 40.91; SD = 10.05), where men (36.1%) and women (63.9%) participated, recruited through non-probabilistic sampling. A validity and reliability analysis of the employee experience scale confirmed the three original factors (sensory experience, intellectual experience, and emotional experience). The KMO test reaches a high level (0.950 > 0.70), and the Bartlett test reaches a highly significant level (Sig. = 0.000). The scale also showed good internal consistency (α = 0.948 to 0.980; CR = 0.950 to 0.981; AVE = 0.864 to 0.878). Similarly, for the confirmatory factor analysis, a measurement adjustment was performed, obtaining excellent and acceptable fit indices for Model 2 for three factors (CMIN/DF = 4.764; CFI = 0.984; SRMR = 0.024; RMSEA = 0.070). This study provides a useful tool to measure the employee experience in a friendly way, using simple language to be applied to the Peruvian context. This study is considered an important contribution to organizational behavior and human talent management in educational circles.
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    Leadership Styles in Non-Profit Institutions: An Empirical Study for the Validation and Reliability of a Scale in the Latin American Context
    (2025-01-26)
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    Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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    There is no doubt that leadership is one of the most researched and disseminated topics in recent years, and over time, some distinguished models have developed a solid foundation and a reputable structure. From this perspective, this study analyzes the evidence of validity and reliability of a scale that assesses leadership styles in non-profit institutions. The study had an instrumental design. The sample consisted of 272 workers from nine Latin American countries, aged between 19 and 68 years (M = 34.08 and SD = 8.61), recruited through non-probabilistic sampling. A validity and reliability analysis of the scale confirmed the nine items and three original factors (servant, empowering and shared leadership). The KMO test reached a high level (0.898 > 0.70), and the Bartlett test reached a highly significant level (Sig. = 0.000). The scale also showed good internal consistency (α = 0.918 to 0.956; CR = 0.918 to 0.957; AVE = 0.755 to 0.880). Likewise, for the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, a measurement adjustment was performed, obtaining excellent and acceptable fit indices for Model 2 (CMIN/DF = 1.794; CFI = 0.993; SRMR = 0.023; RMSEA = 0.054; Pclose = 0.369). This study provides a brief and useful tool to measure leadership styles in Latin America, as a scale used specifically for this context would allow for a more accurate and valid assessment. This is crucial for generating effective organizational interventions, fostering the development of authentic leaders, and improving the competitiveness of non-profit institutions.
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    Changes in the Digital World: An Explanatory Analysis of the Key Factors Linked to Virtual Interactivity
    (2025-07-14)
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    Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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    Ledy Gómez-Bayona
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    David Villar
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    Magaly Pari-Apaza
    Virtual interactivity in marketing has evolved significantly in recent decades, becoming an essential tool for effectively connecting with consumers in digital environments. Through interactive digital platforms, brands can generate a two-way dialogue with their customers, allowing them to obtain instant feedback and adapt their strategies quickly and effectively. This not only improves but also contributes to strengthening brand love and fostering long-term loyalty. In this context, this research aimed to analyze the effect of virtual interactivity on customer loyalty and WOM through multiple sequential mediation paths, considering the elements of relationship marketing and examining the cognitive (trust–commitment), communicational (communication–conflict management), and experiential (brand love–WOM) mechanisms that operate in digital consumer–brand interactions. A cross-sectional and explanatory study was conducted, considering 417 frequent customers of brands who also follow brands on social media. Participants included women (60.7%) and men (39.3%), ranging in age from 19 to 52 years (M = 30.9 and SD = 6.0). Data were collected using a self-report form on virtual interactivity, relationship marketing, WOW, customer loyalty, and brand love, yielding an appropriate measurement model (α = between 0.791 and 0.908; CR = between 0.791 and 0.916; AVE = between 0.679 and 0.845) which was statistically analyzed using PLS-SEM. The hypotheses confirmed the proposed model, observing the effect of virtual interactivity on important brand factors. This research provides valid results linked to the digital world in banking contexts.
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    The Role of Relationship Marketing and Brand Love Among Banking Consumers in an Emerging Market Context
    (2024-12-20)
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    Miguel Angel Gallegos-Reyes
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    Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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    Relationship marketing is a concept that focuses not only on increasing the volume of relationship transactions, but also on improving consumer perception. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the influence of relationship marketing dimensions on brand love. An explanatory study was conducted considering 417 participants who confirmed their affiliation with a bank. Adults aged between 18 and 52 years participated in the study. Data were collected using a self-administered relationship marketing and brand love form, obtaining an adequate measurement model (α = between 0.842 and 0.908; CR = between 0.905 and 0.942; AVE = 0.679 and 0.845; VIFs = between 1.638 and 2.802). The theoretical model was evaluated using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. According to the results, the hypotheses were confirmed, demonstrating the positive influence of trust (β = 0.40), commitment (β = 0.08), communication (β = 0.12), and conflict management (β = 0.08) on brand love. These results demonstrated that trust, as a dimension of relationship marketing, guarantees a greater contribution to the structural model. The implementation of relationship marketing practices and strategies that emphasize trust by banks can strengthen brand love and foster developing markets in an emerging economy. Although previous studies have analyzed some factors that influence brand love, the topic has not been examined from a relationship marketing perspective, which provides valuable insights for the banking industry, stakeholders, academy, and leaders in business administration.
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    ¿El liderazgo ético genera trabajadores felices? Un estudio explicativo en trabajadores sanitarios peruanos
    (2025-11-20)
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    Kely Isabel Torres Arellano
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    Aleli Solamita Venturo Lopez
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    Leadership has always held an important role in the workplace, contributing to the construction of a more competitive and efficient business world. This rolehas been incorporated into various sectors, where healthcare entities occupy a challenging space. The objective of this study was to analyze whether ethicalleadership impacts the components of workplace happiness. An explanatory cross-sectional study was conducted with 462 healthcare workers aged between21 and 64 years old. Data were collected using an online self-report form on ethical leadership and workplace happiness, resulting in a measurement modelwith appropriate indicators. The theoretical model was evaluated using the partial least square model. The findings demonstrated a significant positive impactof ethical leadership on job-related factors and employee-related factors. It is concluded that achieving high levels of workplace happiness requires leaders,supervisors, and department heads to provide a culture, vision, and mission with strong ethical values, extending beyond self-interest and personal gain.
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    Evidence of validity and reliability of a scale to evaluate gratitude toward the organization in the Peruvian context
    (2025-09-10)
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    Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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    Introduction: Despite gratitude's potential to promote wellbeing and performance in organizational settings, its role in the workplace is understudied. Although the literature indicates few attempts to develop scales for evaluating this construct in North America, no Spanish version exists to assess the validity and reliability of these scales in other contexts. This study aimed to translate into Spanish, adapt, and analyze the validity and reliability of a scale to evaluate gratitude toward the organization in Peruvian teachers. Methods: An instrumental study was carried out through convenience sampling. A sample of 448 Regular Basic Education teachers from a private educational network that has an important presence in the three regions of Peru was used. The analyses were performed using the Covariance Structural Equation Model (CB-SEM) with the AMOS 24 statistical software. Results: Confirmatory Factor Analysis provided model fit indices (2 factors) between excellent and acceptable (CMIN/DF = 2.872; CFI = 0.983; SRMR = 0.028; RMSEA = 0.064; Pclose = 0.031). It also demonstrated good internal consistency (α = 0.890 and 0.953; CR = 0.895 and 0.954; AVE = 0.682 and 0.721). Discussion: The results of this study support this measurement scale as a two-dimensional tool that can be used in business practice to measure gratitude in organizations and study the effectiveness of interventions related to wellbeing and gratitude in the workplace.
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    Spanish Version of a Scale to Evaluate the Quality of Work Life in Teachers: An Adaptation of Walton’s QWL Model in the Peruvian Context
    (2023-11-28)
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    Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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    Workers' job satisfaction benefits the organization, which constitutes a competitive advantage. This is why the Quality of Work Life (QoWL) study has gained relevance in recent years. For this reason, various scales have been developed to evaluate this organizational variable constantly. However, to date, there is no evidence in the scientific literature of a Spanish version that evaluates the validity and reliability of these scales in a Peruvian context. Thus, this study aimed to translate into Spanish and adapt and analyze the validity and reliability of a scale to assess the quality of work life in Peruvian teachers based on Walton's model. For this purpose, 457 regular basic education teachers from a private educational network located in the three regions of Peru were surveyed. The analyses used the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the AMOS 24 statistical software. Confirmatory Factor Analysis provided an excellent fit model of eight factors and 31 elements (CMIN/DF = 2.351; CFI = 0.955; SRMR = 0.062; RMSEA = 0.054; Pclose = 0.052). It also demonstrated good internal consistency (α = between 0.806 and 0.938; CR = between 0.824 and 0.939; AVE = between 0.547 and 0.794). These results contribute to the study of QoWL in Peru.
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    Student Evaluation of Teachers’ Effectiveness (SETE) scale: translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties in a Latin American sample
    (2024-07-24)
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    José Lívia Segovia
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    Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas
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    Introduction Teacher effectiveness is a burgeoning field. Those responsible for educational policies seem increasingly committed to this fact, since it is one of the most important factors that influence the success of a university student; for this reason, the study of this topic has gained relevance in recent years. Therefore, an instrument with adequate psychometric properties is needed to measure this construct in Spanish-speaking countries. Objective The study had the purpose of translating, adapting, and evaluating the internal structure, providing evidence of reliability and validity of the Student Evaluation of Teachers’ Effectiveness (SETE) Scale in a Latin American sample. Methods An instrumental study was carried out and through convenience sampling, data were collected from 1,000 university students from South America belonging to a private educational network. The participants were between 18 and 40 years old (M = 21.25, SD = 2.99). Analyzes used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 24 statistical software. Results Confirmatory Factor Analysis provided a 4-factor, 28-item fit model (CMIN/DF = 4.359; CFI = 0.956; SRMR = 0.030; RMSEA = 0.058). The results demonstrated good internal consistency (α = between 0.927 and 0.961; CR = between 0.927 and 0.962; AVE = between 0.646 and 0.799). Evidence of validity and reliability was obtained for the total sample. Discussion This adaptation and validation of the SETE scale makes it a valid, useful, reliable, and necessary tool that can be considered to evaluate teachers’ effectiveness from the perspective of university students.