Rojas Humpire, Ricardo Josue

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Rojas Humpire, Ricardo Josue
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    The Efficacy of a Trivalent Inactivated Salmonella Vaccine Combined with the Live S. Gallinarum 9R Vaccine in Young Layers after Experimental Infections with S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Infantis
    (2022-07-12)
    Yosef Daniel Huberman  
    ;
    Melanie Caballero-García
    ;
    Rober Rojas
    ;
    Silvia Ascanio
    ;
    Leandro Hipólito Olmos
    Worldwide, poultry infections by Salmonella are the cause of significant economic losses, not only due to reduced production (due to fowl typhoid disease), but also considering the efforts and control measures that must be constantly applied, especially due to zoonotic serovars. Poultry is a common reservoir of Salmonella and its transmission into the food chain is a risk for humans. The vaccination of layers plays an important role in the overall efforts to prevent Salmonella infections. An inactivated trivalent vaccine was prepared with S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Infantis strains. Infection trials were performed to evaluate the efficacy of three vaccination schedules using inactivated and live S. Gallinarum 9R vaccines. For this purpose, at week 5 of life, one subcutaneous dose of live S. Gallinarum 9R vaccine (1–5 × 107 CFU) was given to Groups 1 and 2. At weeks 8 and 11 of life, chickens were also vaccinated with one (Group 1) or two (Groups 2 and 3) intramuscular doses of the inactivated oil-adjuvant trivalent vaccine (1 × 108 CFU/dose of each antigen). Group 4 consisted of chickens that remained unvaccinated (control). At week 14 of life, the efficacy of the vaccination plans was evaluated in three separate inoculation trials with S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, or S. Infantis. After vaccination with the inactivated vaccine, homologous antibody production was observed, and after challenge, a significant reduction in the faecal shedding, invasion, and colonization of S. Typhimurium and S. Infantis was achieved by all vaccination schedules, while the vaccination with at least one dose of the live S. Gallinarum 9R vaccine was necessary to obtain such a significant protection against S. Enteritidis infection.
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    Two new surprising species of leaf-litter toad of the Rhinella margaritifera species group (Anura: Bufonidae) from the Peruvian Amazon, Loreto—Peru
    (2022-06-08)
    Rommel R. Rojas  
    ;
    Pedro E. PÉREZ-PEÑA
    ;
    Róbson Waldemar Ávila
    ;
    Vinícius Tadeu de Carvalho
    ;
    Renata de Mello Perez
    We describe two new species of Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from the department of Loreto, Peru. We integrate morphological and phylogenetic analyses to provide evidence of new species. R. angeli sp. nov. is diagnosable from all congeners by its pronounced fleshy proboscis and R. unapensis sp. nov. by the small size (mean snout-vent length=37.7 4.1 mm) of adult males, snout pointed in dorsal view, nearly acute in lateral view, and small bony protrusion at the angle of jaws among other characters. The two species are allopatric, where the first species is known to be associated inhabits upland (=terra firme) forests, while the second white sand forests (=varillales) around Iquitos city. The two new species represent the 20th and 21st species of the Rhinella margaritifera species group.
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    Online academic satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic in medical students: role of sleep, psychological issues, college adjustment, and digital skills
    (2022-10-24)
    Medina Ramirez, Sebastian Andre  
    ;
    Rojas Humpire, Ricardo Josue  
    ;
    Canaza, Josue F.
    ;
    Hernandez, Fiorella
    ;
    Huancahuire Vega, Salomon  
    Background: The measures taken to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, led to significant changes in university education, resulting in the new normal standard of virtual teaching in many undergraduate medical schools worldwide. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to determine the factors related to academic satisfaction with virtual teaching in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted on medical students at a private university in Peru, through self-reported questionnaires divided into sociodemographic data and variables of interest that could influence academic satisfaction during the pandemic. To evaluate possible factors related to academic satisfaction, stepwise regression models were performed for both sexes. Results: In total, data from 310 medical students, 117 males and 193 females, were analyzed. Academic satisfaction reached a score of 11.2 ± 2.9, which was similar in both sexes. The best regression model for males (AIC: 544.32; RMSE: 2.42; R 2 : 0.30) showed that adaptation to university life (favorable change) and depression (unfavorable change) explained 30% of changes in students' academic satisfaction. While in females (AIC: 907.59; RMSE: 2.49; R 2 : 0.22) the model integrated favorable factors such as adjustment to college life and anxiety; while depression and poor sleep quality were unfavorable factors. Conclusion: Factors that contributed to academic satisfaction in medical students were determined in this study, which differed by gender. Thus, it is important to take into account the particularities of male and female medical students in order to improve their academic satisfaction during their university careers.
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    Long-Term Neuropsychiatric, Neurocognitive, and Functional Outcomes of Patients Receiving ECMO
    (2024-01-05)
    Andrew Kalra  
    ;
    Jin Kook Kang
    ;
    Shivalika Khanduja
    ;
    Arjun K. Menta
    ;
    Syed A. Ahmad
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Despite the common occurrence of neurologic complications during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support, data on long-term neuropsychiatric, neurocognitive, and functional outcomes are sparse. We aimed to determine the prevalence of long-term neuropsychiatric symptoms, neurocognitive and functional impairment, and favorable neurologic outcomes in adult patients who receive ECMO. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for text related to ECMO and neuropsychiatric, neurocognitive, and functional outcomes from inception to May 3, 2023. Our primary outcome was the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms (pain/discomfort, anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], and sleep disturbance) at long-term (≥6 months) follow-up. Our secondary outcomes were the prevalence of neurocognitive impairment (memory, attention, and reasoning), functional impairment (daily activities, physical activity/mobility, and personal/self-care), and favorable neurologic outcomes (Cerebral Performance Category ≤2, modified Rankin scale ≤3, or Glasgow Outcome Scale ≥4). This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023420565). RESULTS: = 0.68). DISCUSSION: A substantial proportion of ECMO patients seemed to experience neuropsychiatric symptoms and neurocognitive and functional impairments at long-term follow-up. Considerable heterogeneity in methodology for gauging these outcomes exists, warranting the need for standardization. Multicenter prospective observational studies are indicated to further investigate risk factors for these outcomes in ECMO-supported patients.
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    Factores de la atención materna asociada a complicaciones obstétricas del periparto y postparto según encuesta demográfica y de salud familiar en el 2021
    (2024-06-22)
    Calapuja-Larico, Jeniffer
    ;
    Torrealva-Avalos, Gianella
    ;
    Rojas Humpire, Ricardo Josue  
    Objetivos: Determinar la asociación entre los factores de la atención materna y las complicaciones obstétricas del periparto y post parto. Material y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, analítico, retrospectivo y transversal, basado en datos de la ENDES 2022. Resultados: Se analizó una muestra de 6 158 madres, el 22.2 % tuvieron complicaciones obstétricas. Las más frecuentes fueron fiebre postparto (12%) y sangrado periparto (9.9%). Los factores de la atención materna asociados con incremento de complicaciones del periparto fueron; violencia familiar (PRa=1.6; IC95%1.16-2.20; p=0.004), DM2 (PRa=4.11; IC95%1.85-9.10; p=0.001) y recibir ferroterapia (PRa=9.76; IC95%:1.88-50.64; p=0.007), por el contrario, un control prenatal brindado por personal calificado (PRa=0.29; IC95% 0.13 - 0.65; p=0.003) disminuirán estas probabilidades. Por otro lado, HTA (PRa=2.3; IC95%:1.10-4.82; p=0.027), DM2 (PRa=4), Anemia (PRa=2.11), violencia emocional (PRa= 2.22) aumentan la posibilidad de complicaciones mientras que el Control de Hb (PRa= 0.52; IC95%:0.31-2.76; p=0.014), atención posparto temprano (PRa=0.19) por personal calificado (PRa=0.66) disminuye la prevalencia de complicaciones post parto. Conclusiones: Factores de la atención materna asociados significativamente a complicaciones obstétricas del posparto y periparto fueron características del Control prenatal, las acciones de intervención y preventivo-promocionales, además de factores de riesgo como HTA, DM2, anemia y violencia familiar.
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    Cambios hematológicos relacionados con componentes del síndrome metabólico en personal de salud con alimentación balanceada
    (2021-03-29)
    Castro Diaz, Sharong Dayan  
    ;
    Rojas Humpire, Ricardo Josue  
    ;
    Condori-Meza, Benjamín
    ;
    Bonifacio-García, Luis E.
    ;
    Gutierrez-Ajalcriña, Rosmery
    Abstract Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a set of interrelated disorders that produce alterations in various biological systems. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the hematological changes in the presence of metabolic syndrome in health personnel with a balanced diet. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted where the database of health personnel who participated in the Plan for the Prevention of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases of the Hospital of Huaycan, Peru, was analyzed. The evaluation of the SM was carried out using the criteria of the Latin American Association of Diabetes (ALAD) in the workers who presented a balanced diet according to the questionnaire "FANTASTIC". The relationship between hematological changes and SM components was made through Spearman's correlation while the comparison of accumulated groups of SM components and hematological changes was made with the Kruskal-wallis test and later Bonferroni's post hoc analysis. Results: Data from 285 participants were analyzed, 31.2% men and 68.8% women with a mean age of 46.1 ± 10.5 years. The prevalence of MS was 36.2%, only women presented changes in hematological parameters in the presence of MS. The relationship between the components of MS and hematological changes was strong with the increase in abdominal circumference and triglycerides; likewise, the accumulation of more than 2 components of MS significantly increases the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit in women. Conclusions: In our study the women presented hematological changes mainly in the red series related to MS and certain components of it. Further population-based studies are needed to corroborate our findings.
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    Comparative Analysis of the Regulations for the Marketing and Quality Control of Herbal Products Used for Health in France, Peru and West Africa
    (2025-11-30)
    Ines Y. Castro-Dionicio  
    ;
    Charlotte Dumondin
    ;
    Latifou Lagnika
    ;
    Nicolás Fabre
    ;
    Rokia Sanogo
    Traditional medicine is increasingly promoted worldwide as a tool to achieve universal access to healthcare. Herbal medicines have formed the basis of healthcare throughout the world and are still widely used, playing a major role in the international health market. However, several factors influence the potential quality of phytotherapy. The diversity of herbal medicines, their various uses and preparation methods, the pluralism in access to these treatments, and the variability in the chemical composition of raw materials depending on their environment are all critical elements. This study compares the regulatory frameworks and quality control practices for plant-based health products in six countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, Peru and France. It also provides an overview of the market in these countries. To do so, we compiled and highlighted key information from WHO guidelines, national legal documents, public databases on product registration and markets, and conducted interviews with health organisation experts. The main findings indicate that West African countries face challenges related to regulatory enforcement and limited industrial and research capacity. In contrast, Peru experienced an initial surge in production following regulation in 1997 and gained international recognition for Amazonian plants, but saw a decline after the 2009 U.S.-Peru Free Trade Agreement due to more stringent standards. France, while notable for its pharmacopoeia, struggles to implement quality control given the high volume of dietary supplements available. Based on these comparative insights, the paper recommends a multidimensional approach: promoting stakeholder training in good practices, developing robust pharmacopoeias, facilitating dialogue between traditional and allopathic medicines, and building shared infrastructures for research and quality control. These strategies, informed by successful practices across countries, aim to support the safe and equitable development of herbal health products worldwide.
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    Glycosylation is key for enhancing drug recognition into spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2
    (2022-03-23)
    Georcki Ropón‐Palacios
    ;
    Jhon Pérez-Silva
    ;
    Ricardo Rojas-Humpire  
    ;
    Gustavo E. Olivos-Ramírez
    ;
    Manuel Enrique Chenet Zuta
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    Increasing tree size across Amazonia
    (2025-09-25)
    Adriane Esquivel‐Muelbert  
    ;
    Rebecca Banbury Morgan
    ;
    Roel Brienen
    ;
    Emanuel Gloor
    ;
    Simon L. Lewis
    Abstract Climate change and increasing availability of resources such as carbon dioxide are modifying forest functioning worldwide, but the effects of these changes on forest structure are unclear. As additional resources become available, for example, through CO 2 fertilization or nitrogen deposition, large trees, with greater access to light, may be expected to gain further advantages. Conversely, smaller light-suppressed trees might benefit more if their light compensation point changes, while bigger trees may be the most negatively impacted by increasing heat and drought. We assessed recent changes in the structure of Earth’s largest tropical forest by analysing 30 years of Amazonian tree records across 188 mature forest plots. We find that, at a stand level, trees have become larger over time, with mean tree basal area increasing by 3.3% per decade (95% CI 2.4; 4.1). Larger trees have increased in both number and size, yet we observed similar rates of relative size gain in large and small trees. This evidence is consistent with a resource-driven boost for larger trees but also a reduction in suppression among smaller trees. These results, especially the persistence and consistency of tree size increases across Amazonian forest plots, communities and regions, indicate that any negative impacts of climate change on forests and large trees here have so far been mitigated by the positive effects of increased resources.
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