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  • Algunas métricas están bloqueadas por su 
    Item type:Publicación,
    Metabolomic characterization of 5 native Peruvian chili peppers (Capsicum spp.) as a tool for species discrimination
    (2022-03-17) ;
    Rosario Rojas
    ;
    Fredy Quispe Jacobo
    ;
    Guillaume Cabanac
    ;
    Guillaume Marti
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    Item type:Publicación,
    New and previously described Acleotrema species (Monogenea, Diplectanidae) parasitizing sea chubs (Centrarchiformes: Kyphosidae) in the Southeastern Pacific Ocean
    (2025-01-20) ;
    Celso Cruces
    ;
    Rosa Martínez-Rojas
    ;
    Aarón Mondragón-Martínez
    ;
    Jhon Chero
    During a study on the diversity of monogeneans infecting kyphosid fishes off the coast of Puerto Santa Rosa, Lambayeque region, northern Peru, specimens of the Cortez sea chub Kyphosus elegans (Peters) and the brassy chub K. vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard) were examined. Five diplectanids, including a new species, were identified: Acleotrema alejandroi sp. nov. from K. vaigiensis; A. diplobulbus (Yamaguti, 1968) from K. vaigiensis; A. nenue (Yamaguti, 1968) Dominques & Boeger, 2007 from both K. vaigiensis and K. elegans; A. oliveri (León-Régagnon, Pérez-Ponce de León & Garcia Prieto, 1997) from K. elegans and K. vaigiensis; A. spiculare (Yamaguti, 1968) from K. vaigiensis. Acleotrema alejandroi sp. nov. is easily differentiated from all congeneric species by its male copulatory organ (MCO), which is J-shaped with a spatulate distal end. The middle portion of MCO is surrounded by a sclerotized sac; and the distal portion of the sac bears an elongated, sclerotized U-shaped process. Acleotrema oliveri is redescribed based on examination of the type specimen (holotype and paratypes) and newly collected specimens. In addition, new morphometric data and whole-mount drawing of A. nenue, A. spiculare and A. diplobulbus are provided. Acleotrema nenuoides (Rakotofiringa, Oliver & Lambert, 1987) is considered a junior synonym of A. nenue. The present finding brings to 13, the number of known species of Acleotrema Johnston & Tiegs, 1922, and represents the first diplectanid species infecting kyphosid fishes from Peru. Furthermore, this study represents the first record of A. spiculare and A. diplobulbus after more than 50 years.
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    Item type:Publicación,
    Description of the advertisement calls of four species of Amazophrynella (Anura:Bufonidae)
    (2018-08-14) ;
    Vinícius Tadeu de Carvalho
    ;
    Róbson Waldemar Ávila
    ;
    Ricardo Alexandre Kawashita Ribeiro
    ;
    Tomas Hrbek
    Amazophrynella comprises 11 small bufonid species with a pan-Amazonian distribution (Fouquet et al. 2012a, b; Rojas et al. 2016, Rojas et al. 2018). All species inhabit the forest leaf litter, breed in seasonal puddles and are diurnally and nocturnally active (Fouquet et al. 2012b; Rojas et al. 2014; 2015; 2016). Until now only one nominal species, A. javierbustamantei, and two putative lineages-A. moisesii (Rio Yuyapichis, Peru) and A. siona (Santa Cecilia, Ecuador)-had their advertisement calls formally described (Duellman 1978; Schlüter 1981; Rojas et al. 2016). Herein, we described for the first time the advertisement calls from additional four species of Amazophrynella.
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    Item type:Publicación,
    Copeptin and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review
    (2022-03-01)
    Brenda Galindo-Yllu
    ;
    ;
    David R. Soriano‐Moreno
    ;
    Jessica Hanae Zafra‐Tanaka
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    Item type:Publicación,
    Mood and Sleep Quality in Peruvian Medical Students During COVID-19 Pandemic
    (2024-01-01)
    Mely Olarte-Durand
    ;
    Jossiel B. Roque-Aycachi
    ;
    ;
    Josue F. Canaza
    ;
    Stefani Laureano-Condori
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    Item type:Publicación,
    Changes in eating habits and lifestyles in Peruvian population during social isolation by the COVID-19 pandemic
    Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic caused that some governments have implemented house confinement measures with probable consequences on lifestyle, particularly affecting eating habits, physical activity, sleep quality, and mental health. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of lifestyles, physical activity and sleep characteristics, as well as changes in eating habits in the Peruvian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A Cross-sectional descriptive study was performed. We analyzed adults from Peru between July to August 2020 based on an online self-administered questionnaire divided into sociodemographic, anthropometrics and COVID-19 diagnostic reported, lifestyle habits and frequency of consumption of foods. Findings During confinement by COVID-19, 1176 participants were studied, 39% were student, 37.5% were workers and 46% were assert not to work. The population asserted gain weight (1 to 3 Kg) and 35.7% were overweight. The lifestyles habits showed that 54.8% affirmed to doing physical activity and a large proportion (37.2%) asserted sleep less. The Peruvian population presented a main feeding patter of breakfast (95.7%), lunch (97.5%), dinner (89.1%) and brunch (44.9%). Likewise, feeding habits before and during COVID-19 pandemic showed that vegetables (OR:1.56, CI95% 1.21 - 200), fruit (OR: 1.42, CI95% 1.10 – 1.81), legumes (OR:1.67, CI95% 1.23 – 2.28) and eggs (OR: 2.00, CI95% 1.52 – 2.65) presented significantly consumption increase during social isolation, while bakery products (OR: 0.74, CI95% 0.56 – 0.97), meat, snack, refreshment and fast-food decrease consumption. Other food no significant differences were presented. Conclusion This study in a Peruvian population showed an important frequency of overweight and sleep disorders. There was a slight increase in physical activity despite the social isolation measures and an increase in health eating habits, nevertheless a majority reported gaining weight.
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    Item type:Publicación,
    Anthropometry, dietary intake, physical activity and sitting time patterns in adolescents aged 15–17 years: an international comparison in eight Latin American countries
    (2020-01-21) ;
    Gérson Ferrari
    ;
    Irina Kovalskys
    ;
    Mauro Fisberg
    ;
    Georgina Gómez
    BACKGROUND: Although there is high prevalence of obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors among Latin American adolescents, there is limited evidence on dietary intake and physical activity (PA) patterns in this population. Therefore, we characterized anthropometry, dietary intake, PA and sitting time (ST) in adolescents aged 15-17 years from eight Latin American countries. METHODS: ) categories. Waist circumference (WC) was categorized as above or below thresholds. Dietary intake was assessed through two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. PA and ST were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). We calculated overall and country-specific estimates by sex and tested for differences between boys and girls. RESULTS: Differences in the prevalence of overweightness (15.1 and 21.6%) and obesity (8.5 and 6.5%) between boys and girls, respectively, were statistically insignificant (p = 0.059). Average energy intake was 2289.7 kcal/day (95% CI: 2231-2350) for boys and 1904.2 kcal/day (95% CI: 1840-1963) for girls (p < 0.001). In relation to macronutrient intake for boys and girls, respectively, the average intake (expressed as percentage of total energy) was 15.0 and 14.9% for protein; 55.4 and 54.9% for carbohydrates; 14.1 and 14.5% for added sugar; 29.5 and 30.1% for total fat; and 9.6 and 9.9% for saturated fat (p > 0.05 for all outcomes). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of total energy (TE) saturated fat and added sugar (>10% of TE) between girls and boys (49.6% versus 44.8 and 81.7% versus 76.1%, respectively). Prevalence of physical inactivity was 19% in boys and 43.7% in girls (p < 0.001). Median levels of vigorous-intensity PA and total PA were significantly higher for boys than for girls (p < 0.05 for both outcomes); whereas levels of ST were similar (273.7 versus 220.0 min/day for boys and girls, respectively; p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the high prevalence of poor dietary intake and physical inactivity in adolescents from Latin American countries. Therefore, effective and sustainable strategies and programmes are needed that promote healthier diets, regular PA and reduce ST among Latin American adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials NCT02226627. Retrospectively registered on August 27, 2014.
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    Item type:Publicación,
    Association of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity with neck circumference in eight Latin American countries
    (2019-06-24) ;
    Gérson Ferrari
    ;
    Irina Kovalskys
    ;
    Mauro Fisberg
    ;
    Georgina Gómez
    BACKGROUND: Physical activity is a cornerstone in the prevention and treatment of obesity. There are relatively few studies that explore the effect of accelerometer-determined moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on neck circumference (NC), most of them confined to single high-income countries. The present study investigated the association of accelerometer-determined MVPA with NC in adolescents and adults from eight Latin American countries, which are mostly upper-middle income countries. METHODS: The sample consisted of 2370 participants (47.8% male) from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health, a multicenter cross-sectional nutrition and health surveillance study of a nationally representative sample from eight Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela). Times (min/day) in MVPA (defined as time accumulated at ≥1952 activity counts/min) was assessed by ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer over 7 days. NC for adolescent was categorized as abnormal if circumference was > 34.5 cm for boys and > 31.25 for girls, whereas for adults the cut-off points for abnormal were > 39 cm for men and > 35 cm women. Multilevel logistic models, including country and region as random effects and adjusted for sex, age, socioeconomic level, and educational level, were used to study the association between MVPA and NC. RESULTS: The average time of MVPA was 34.88 min/day, ranging from 31.16 in Venezuela to 40.27 in Chile. Concerning NC, 37.0% of the sample was classified as having elevated NC. Chile was the country with the highest percentage of people with elevated NC (56.9%), and Colombia had the lowest percentage (24.8%). Overall, the MVPA (min/day) was associated with elevated NC (OR = 0.994, CI95% = 0.990-0.998). In Costa Rica and Peru, there were significant associations between MVPA and NC when analyzed by country. CONCLUSIONS: The present study provided evidence of significant associations between MVPA and NC in adolescents and adults from Latin America, independent of sex, age, socioeconomic level, and educational level. This analysis of accelerometry data and NC represents the first examination of these associations in eight Latin America countries. Further research is required to understand the differences between countries in the observed associations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT02226627 . Retrospectively registered on August 27, 2014.
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    Antimicrobial Consumption in Latin American Countries: First Steps of a Long Road Ahead
    (2022-01-01) ;
    Lucía Giangreco
    ;
    Cristian Dorati
    ;
    Perla M. de Buschiazzo
    ;
    Silvia Boni
    BACKGROUND: Irrational antimicrobial consumption (AMC) became one of the main global health problems in recent decades. OBJECTIVE: In order to understand AMC in Latin-American Region, we performed the present research in 6 countries. METHODS: Antimicrobial consumption (J01, A07A, P01AB groups) was registered in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Paraguay, and Peru. Source of information, AMC type, DDD (Defined Daily Doses), DID (DDD/1000 inhabitants/day), population were variables explored. Data was analyzed using the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) tool. RESULTS: Source of information included data from global, public, and private sectors. Total AMC was highly variable (range 1.91-36.26 DID). Penicillin was the most consumed group in all countries except in Paraguay, while macrolides and lincosamides were ranked second. In terms of type of AMC according to the WHO-AWaRe classification, it was found that for certain groups like "Reserve," there are similarities among all countries. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: This paper shows the progress that 6 Latin-American countries made toward AMC surveillance. The study provides a standardized approach for building a national surveillance system for AMC data analysis. These steps will contribute to the inclusion of Latin-America among the regions of the world that have periodic, regular, and quality data of AMC.
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    Problematic Internet Use Associated with Symptomatic Dry Eye Disease in Medical Students from Peru
    (2021-10-01)
    I. Benjamín Condori-Meza
    ;
    L Alessandra Dávila-Cabanillas
    ;
    Mabel R. Challapa-Mamani
    ;
    Antony Pinedo-Soria
    ;
    Renato R. Torres
    PURPOSE: Dry eye is a multifactorial ocular surface disease (DED) characterized by a loss of tear film homeostasis, which is widely associated with alterations in mental health. Problematic internet use (PIU) is defined as the feeling of concern about using this tool irresistibly, for longer periods than usual, accompanied by anguish that results from not doing so without reaching mania or hypomania behaviors. Both PIU and DED present a theoretical link; however, there are no published studies that report its relationship with problematic internet use. Therefore, this study aims to determine the association between PIU and symptomatic DED in Peruvian medical students. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study that included human medical students from Peru. For the measurement of main variables, the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) were used. To study their relationship, the Poisson regression analysis was used, we consider a p-value <0.05 as significant. RESULTS: Data from 844 medical students were analyzed, 35.7% male and 64.3% female, with an average age of 21.8 ± 3.3 years. Likewise, the prevalence of symptomatic DED was 70.9%, and the internet's controlled use was 85.3%. In the analysis adjusted for symptomatic DED, the men showed significant differences in the controlled use of the internet (p <0.003), of which those who had PIU, 50% had severe symptomatic DED, as well as 80% of those addicted to the internet. The adjusted model showed that the PIU increases the prevalence of symptomatic DED in men (PR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06-1.29); however, in women, no association was found between both variables. CONCLUSION: PIU and symptomatic DED showed a significant association in male medical students from Peru.
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