Work Stressors and Their Relationship with Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Job Satisfaction Among Nurses in Ecuador, Peru, and Paraguay
Author(s)
A. Solis
Yessenia Mercedes Cisneros Chávez
Isabel Genotti Sanabria
Liset Z. Sairitupa-Sanchez
Wilter C. Morales-García
Date Issued
30 de diciembre de 2023
Type
Article
Volume
2
Start Page
203
End Page
203
Abstract
BackgroundNurses working in hospital environments face a high workload and constant exposure to stressful situations, making them vulnerable to psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression, and stress, as well as reduced job satisfaction. Previous studies have demonstrated that work stressors can deteriorate psychological well-being and lower the quality of patient care, impacting both patient safety and nurse retention. However, there is limited research addressing this issue in Ecuador, Peru, and Paraguay, highlighting the need to investigate how work stressors influence nurses' mental health and job satisfaction in these countries.ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between work stressors and levels of anxiety, depression, stress, and job satisfaction among nurses in Ecuador, Peru, and Paraguay.MethodsA cross-sectional study with an explanatory design was conducted using structural equation modeling. A total of 300 nurses from public hospitals in Lima (Peru), Guayaquil (Ecuador), and Paraguay participated in the study. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess mental health, the SL-SPC scale measured job satisfaction, and the Nursing Stress Scale identified work-related stressors.ResultsThe structural model demonstrated an acceptable fit (CFI = 0.914, RMSEA = 0.049, SRMR = 0.078), confirming the hypotheses: work stressors showed a positive relationship with stress (β = 0.53, p < 0.01), anxiety (β = 0.49, p < 0.01), and depression (β = 0.49, p < 0.01), and a negative relationship with job satisfaction (β = -0.27, p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe findings confirm that work stressors have a significant impact on nurses' mental health, increasing anxiety, stress, and depression. Additionally, these stressors were found to reduce job satisfaction, although to a lesser extent. The implementation of stress management strategies and workplace policies aimed at promoting nurses' well-being is recommended, particularly in hospital settings with limited resources.
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