Javier Aliaga, David Joel

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Javier Aliaga, David Joel
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Javier Aliaga, David Joel
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Javier-Aliaga, David J.
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Universidad Peruana Unión
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    Correlación entre la actividad física, grasa corporal e IMC en estudiantes universitarios
    (2022-01-10)
    Gamarra Camacho, María Lourdes
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    Miranda Flores, María Alina
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    Saintila, Jacksaint  
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    Javier Aliaga, David Joel  
    Introduction and objective: A sedentary lifestyle and obesity are important risk factors in university students. Physical activity is one of the strategies to prevent these health problems. The correlation between physical activity, body fat percentage (% BF) and body mass index (BMI) was determined in university students from Tarapoto, San Martin, Perú. Materials and methods: A non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out. The non-probabilistic sample was made up of 192 students from the faculties of health sciences, business sciences and engineering and architecture of the Universidad Peruana Unión (Subsidiary: Tarapoto), San Martin, Peru. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. Likewise, the evaluation of% BF and BMI was carried out following the protocol of the International Society for the development of kineanthropometry (ISAK). Results: It was found that there is a statistically significant and indirect correlation between physical activity and there is a statistically significant difference in the percentage of body fat and BMI according to gender (p <,001). However, no difference was found in physical activity according to gender (p= ,808). Conclusions: A correlation was found between physical activity with% BF and BMI in university students. These results show the need to promote nutritional education and health promotion programs to improve physical activity and prevent obesity in university students.
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    Association of sleep hygiene knowledge and physical activity with sleep quality in nursing and medical students: a cross-sectional study
    (2025-03-20)
    Saintila, Jacksaint  
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    Javier Aliaga, David Joel  
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    del Carmen Gálvez-Díaz, Norma
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    Barreto-Espinoza, Luz Antonia
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    Buenaño-Cervera, Noemi A.
    Background Sleep quality and physical activity are fundamental factors in the optimal functioning of the human organism and maintaining overall health. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between knowledge of sleep hygiene and physical activity in relation to sleep quality among nursing and medical students. Methods In a cross-sectional online study, a suitable and convenient sample of 300 nursing and medical students from a private university located in Chiclayo, Peru, was collected. Data were collected using the following instruments: a questionnaire concerning sleep hygiene knowledge, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The data collection period spanned January and February 2024. Results Of the total sample, 59.3%, 51.7%, and 69.7% reported insufficient knowledge of sleep hygiene, low physical activity and poor sleep quality, respectively. Sleep hygiene knowledge and physical activity explained 17.9% of the variability in sleep quality ( R 2 = 0.179, F = 32.31, p < 0.001). In addition, there is a positive and significant association between knowledge of sleep hygiene ( β = 0.27; p < 0.001) and physical activity ( β = 0.24; p < .001) with sleep quality. Conclusion The findings indicate that interventions designed to improve sleep hygiene knowledge and physical activity may be effective strategies for improving sleep duration among nursing and medical students.
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    A predictive and moderation model of depression in adolescents, and the creation of the Javier-Aliaga’s single-item scales of happiness and self-efficacy (version 1.0)
    (2025-07-01)
    Javier Aliaga, David Joel  
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    Anicama, José
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    Calizaya Milla, Yaquelin Eveling  
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    Saintila, Jacksaint  
    The high prevalence of depression among adolescents highlights the need for research aimed at identifying variables with predictive capacity for this condition. In parallel, the scarcity of single-item scales assessing happiness and self-efficacy underscores the importance of developing validated instruments tailored to the Peruvian context. This study aims to examine the predictive roles of perfectionism, self-efficacy, and happiness on depression, as well as the moderating role of sex among Peruvian adolescents. Additionally, it proposes the development of two new instruments: the Javier-Aliaga’s Single-Item Scale of Happiness and the Single-Item Scale of Self-Efficacy. A cross-sectional predictive study was conducted in 380 adolescents from a public school in Lima, Peru, of whom 50.3% were male and Mage = 13.9 (SD = 1.16). The Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (RADS-2), the 6-item Perfectionism Scale (EDI-P6), the Javier-Aliaga’s Single-Item Scale of Happiness (JASIHS-v1.0) and the Single-Item Scale of Self-Efficacy (JASISS-v1.0) were used. Predictive analysis was performed using multiple linear regression. The multiple regression analysis showed that Model 2 was the most appropriate (F = 128, p < 0.001, BIC = 2878). The variables perfectionism (β = 0.283, CI [0.215, 0.351], p < 0.001), self-efficacy (β = -0.236, CI [-0.312, -0.161], p < 0.001), happiness (β = -0.386, CI [-0.463, -0.309], p < 0.001), and sex (β = 0.239, CI [0.170, 0.307], p < 0.001) explained 57.3% of the variability in depression (adjusted R2 = 0.573), with happiness being the most influential variable (β = -0.386). The moderation analysis revealed that sex significantly moderated the relationships between perfectionism (b = 0.713, CI [0.166, 1.260], p = 0.011), self-efficacy (b = -3.845, CI [-6.097, -1.593], p = 0.001), and happiness (b = -3.750, CI [-6.134, -1.367], p = 0.002) with depression, with these interactions being stronger in females. Additionally, the JASISS-v1.0 and JASIHS-v1.0 demonstrated excellent content validity (Aiken’s V = 1.00; M = 3.00; SD = 0; 95% CI = 0.70–1.00) and acceptable test–retest reliability (0.71 for the JASISS-v1.0 and 0.76 for the JASIHS-v1.0). The findings highlight the significant influence of perfectionism, self-efficacy, and happiness on depression among Peruvian adolescents, with happiness emerging as the most impactful variable. Moreover, the moderating role of sex suggests that interventions targeting these factors should be designed differently for males and females. Additionally, the development and validation of the JASIHS-v1.0 and the JASISS-v1.0 represent a valuable contribution by providing brief, culturally relevant, and psychometrically sound instruments.
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    Hope and Resilience Related to Fear of COVID-19 in Young People
    (2022-04-20)
    Javier Aliaga, David Joel  
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    Quispe, Gluder
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    Quinteros Zuñiga, Damaris Susana  
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    Adriano Rengifo, Cristian Edwin  
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    White, Michael
    In the face of the psychological crisis of fear caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, it is relevant to know the positive impact of hope and resilience during this context. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between hope and resilience with fear of COVID-19 in young people. The design was non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational. The sample consisted of 192 young people living in Metropolitan Lima, Peru. We used the Hope-Despair Questionnaire, the Resilience Scale, and the COVID-19 Fear Questionnaire. The results show that there is a significant correlation between hope, resilience, and fear of COVID-19 in young people. On the other hand, a significant difference was found in resilience according to gender. Likewise, it was found that the variables hope and resilience explain 81% (R2 adjusted) of the fear of COVID-19 (F test = 21.53; p < 0.01). Hope and resilience are protective factors that have a positive impact when facing the fear of COVID-19. Thus, policies, programs, and public health strategies related to positive mental health should be promoted, with emphasis on hope and resilience.
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    Do mental wellbeing and emotional eating influence BMI similarly or differently? Evidence from a sample of Peruvian adolescents
    (Frontiers Media SA, 2025-04-24)
    Cuyan Zumaeta, Keisler Caleb  
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    Javier Aliaga, David Joel  
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    Rodriguez Vasquez, Mery  
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    Saintila, Jacksaint  
    Background The literature highlights that both mental wellbeing and emotional eating are closely related to BMI, but little is known about how these variables interact similarly or differently. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the predictive role of mental wellbeing and emotional eating on body mass index (BMI) in Peruvian adolescents. Methods This research used a non-experimental and predictive design. The sample consisted of 270 students aged 12–18 years from a public educational institution in the province of Tocache, Peru. The sample was selected through non-probability purposive sampling. The study employed the Mental Health Inventory (R-MHI-5), the Emotional Eating Scale (EES), and BMI was calculated using Quetelet’s formula. Results Correlations revealed that mental wellbeing was negatively associated with BMI (r = −0.277, p < 0.001, 95% CI = [−0.384, −0.163]), whereas emotional eating was positively associated with BMI (r = 0.274, p < 0.001, 95% CI = [0.160, 0.381]). In the multiple regression analysis, Model 2 emerged as the most suitable (adjusted R2 = 0.112, F = 17.953, p < 0.001, BIC = 1,318), explaining 11.2% of the variance in BMI. Standardized coefficients indicated that mental wellbeing had a significant negative effect on BMI (β = −0.217, 95% CI = [−0.3353, −0.0997], p < 0.001), while emotional eating had a significant positive effect (β = 0.213, 95% CI = [0.0952, 0.3308], p < 0.001). Moreover, both coefficients showed similar magnitudes. Conclusion The findings of this study confirm that mental wellbeing and emotional eating exert opposing yet similarly sized influences on BMI in Peruvian adolescents. These results underscore the importance of addressing both variables equitably in interventions aimed at improving adolescents’ nutritional status.
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    Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de alimentación saludable e índice de masa corporal en adolescentes peruanos: Un estudio transversal
    (2021-03-31)
    Rivas Pajuelo, Madeleine Soledad  
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    Saintila, Jacksaint  
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    Rodriguez Vasquez, Mery  
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    Calizaya Milla, Yaquelin Eveling  
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    Javier Aliaga, David Joel  
    Introducción: El sobrepeso y la obesidad constituyen una de las principales preocupaciones sanitarias en los adolescentes. Tener los conocimientos suficientes, representa una opción para disminuir los riesgos. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la correlación entre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas e índice de masa corporal (IMC) en adolescentes peruanos.Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio no experimental de tipo transversal en 242 adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre 11 a 18 años. Para determinar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre alimentación saludable, se desarrolló un cuestionario según los criterios propuestos por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y Alimentación (FAO, por sus siglas en inglés). Además, se calculó el índice de masa corporal para la edad (IMC/Edad) de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de Salud (OMS). El análisis de los datos se hizo mediante el software estadístico IBM SPSS versión 24. Resultados:La proporción de mujeres que demostraron conocimientos altos, actitudes favorables y prácticas adecuadas, fue superior en relación con los varones (76,5 % vs. 75,0%), (75,5% vs. 70,7%) y 72,5% vs. 67,9%, respectivamente. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias significativas (p>0,05). La proporción de varones que presentaron sobrepeso y obesidad fue 25,7% y 12,1%, respectivamente. Finalmente, se encontró correlación positiva estadísticamente significativa entre el IMC/Edad con los conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas acerca de alimentación saludable en los adolescentes (ρ=0,137; p=0,033), (ρ=0,160; p=0,013) y (ρ=0,133; p=0,039), respectivamente.Conclusiones: Los hallazgos sugieren que los adolescentes, especialmente los varones, deben ser el foco de programas de intervención nutricional integrados, con el propósito de disminuir la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad.
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    Religious attitudes and self-control as predictors of self-esteem in Peruvian Christians: a cross-sectional study
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2025-11-03)
    Zanga Cespedes, Juan Marcelo  
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    Javier Aliaga, David Joel  
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    Saintila, Jacksaint  
    BACKGROUND: Self-esteem, a key indicator of psychological well-being, is shaped by both individual and contextual factors, including self-control and attitudes toward religion. However, its specific interplay within religious cultural contexts, such as that of Peru, remains underexplored. OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictive role of self-control and attitudes toward religion on self-esteem in a sample of Peruvian Seventh-day Adventist Christians, and to examine potential mean differences across sociodemographic variables including sex, age, marital status, and educational level. METHOD: This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 297 members of the SDA, selected through non-probabilistic purposive sampling. The instruments used included the Attitudes Toward Religion Scale, the Brief Self-Control Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Data were collected through online questionnaires administered via Google Forms, and the analysis was conducted using multiple statistical models. RESULTS: The results indicated significant differences in attitudes toward religion, self-control, and self-esteem based on marital status and age (p < .05). In addition, positive and significant correlations were observed between attitude toward religion and self-esteem (p < .001, CI [0.258, 0.456]), as well as between self-control and self-esteem (p < .001, CI [0.346, 0.530]). Finally, self-control (β = 0.360, p < .001, CI [0.254, 0.467]) and attitude toward religion (β = 0.236, p < .001, CI [0.130, 0.342]) were significant predictors of self-esteem, accounting for 23.9% of its variance. CONCLUSION: These results have important implications for promoting psychological well-being in religious contexts and highlight the need to develop intervention strategies that enhance self-control and recognize religious practices as valuable resources for improving self-esteem.
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    Sociodemographic aspects, beliefs about lifestyles, and religiosity as predictors of life satisfaction in Peruvian university students: a cross-sectional study
    (2024-10-14)
    Saintila, Jacksaint  
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    Javier Aliaga, David Joel  
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    Valle-Chafloque, Ana
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    Casas-Gálvez, Christian
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    Barreto-Espinoza, Luz Antonia
    Introduction Beliefs and practices related to healthy lifestyles and religiosity can play an important role in overall well-being. However, few studies have explored the association between these factors and life satisfaction in the university context. This study examined the association between sociodemographic aspects, lifestyle beliefs, and religiosity with life satisfaction in university students. Methods A cross-sectional predictive study was conducted during the months of March and May 2024 at a private university located in the northern region of Peru. Validated instruments were distributed that included a lifestyle beliefs scale, the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire-Short Form (SCSRFQ-SF), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and a sociodemographic data section. A total of 1,258 students participated in the study. Multiple linear regression models were used for predictive analysis. Results Being a student of foreign origin, compared to being Peruvian, is negatively and significantly associated with life satisfaction ( β = −0.066, p = 0.003). In contrast, a positive association is observed between belonging to the Faculty of Health Sciences ( β = 0.119, p = 0.048) and life satisfaction, compared to students from other faculties. Furthermore, lifestyle beliefs ( β = 0.579; p < 0.001) and religiosity ( β = 0.182; p < 0.001) are positively and significantly associated with life satisfaction. Conclusion These findings suggest that universities and health professionals should consider promoting healthy lifestyles and supporting religious practices as important strategies to improve student life satisfaction, considering relevant sociodemographic aspects.
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    Nutritional knowledge, fiber intake, body mass index, and sex associated with constipation symptoms in Peruvian adults
    (2025-04-12)
    Rojas-Rojales, Pablo C.
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    Javier Aliaga, David Joel  
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    Calizaya Milla, Yaquelin Eveling  
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    Saintila, Jacksaint  
    Functional constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder influenced by dietary, anthropometric, and demographic factors. However, the combined impact of these factors on constipation symptoms remains underexplored, particularly within the Peruvian population. To assess the association of nutritional knowledge, fiber-rich food consumption, body mass index (BMI), and sex with functional constipation symptoms in Peruvian adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 404 Peruvian adults selected through non-probability sampling. Nutritional knowledge (assessed using the Dietary Fiber Habits and Knowledge Questionnaire), fiber-rich food consumption (measured with the Block Instrument), BMI (self-reported and calculated), and constipation symptoms (evaluated using the Rome III International Diagnostic Questionnaire) were analyzed. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of the variables on constipation symptoms. The hierarchical regression analysis, conducted in four blocks, demonstrated a progressive increase in the explained variance. In the fourth block, nutritional knowledge (β = − 0.173, p = 0.006, CI [− 0.296, − 0.050]) and consumption of high-fiber foods (β = − 0.227, p < 0.001, CI [− 0.351, − 0.103]) were associated with a reduction in constipation symptoms, while BMI (β = 0.230, p < 0.001, CI [0.108, 0.353]) and being female (β = 0.153, p = 0.014, CI [0.031, 0.274]) were associated with an increase in symptoms. The final model accounted for 16.4% of the total variance (adjusted R2 = 0.164), with fiber consumption contributing to a 5.2% increase in explained variance (∆R2 = 0.052). These findings underscore the importance of implementing public health educational and dietary strategies to address constipation through preventive and personalized approaches.
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