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  • Algunas métricas están bloqueadas por su 
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    Evaluation of sensory acceptability and iron content of vegan cheeses produced with protein legume isolates and Cushuro algae (Nostoc sphaericum)
    (2025-02-13)
    Chavarri-Uriarte, Brando J.
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    Santisteban-Murga, Luz N.R.
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    Tito-Tito, Amy B.
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    • Lupin-based vegan cheese has higher protein and iron content than other formulations. • Cushuro algae inclusion improves the nutritional profile of vegan cheeses. • Lupin and chickpea cheeses were most acceptable in sensory evaluations. In recent years, plant-based diets have gained popularity due to their health benefits, contributions to animal welfare, and positive impact on environmental sustainability. The objective of this study is to evaluate the sensory acceptability and iron content of vegan cheeses produced with legume protein isolates (LPI), including lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet), black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and chickpea (Cicer arietinum), as well as cushuro algae (CA). A quantitative experimental study was conducted to evaluate the acceptability and iron content of vegan cheeses. The formulations included LPI and CA. The sample consisted of 127 students selected by probability sampling. Just-about-Right (JAR) method was used to evaluate flavor, odor, texture, and color on a scale of 1 to 9. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied and the data were analyzed using SPSS v. 26. The nutritional composition showed significant differences ( p < 0.001), with lupin cheese (LC) highlighting its high protein and iron content. Sensory evaluation revealed that LC received the highest scores, followed by chickpea cheese (CC). The inclusion of LPI and CA in vegan cheeses represents a significant improvement in their nutritional value and acceptability, offering a promising strategy to combat malnutrition and anemia in vulnerable populations.
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    Item type:Publicación,
    Depression, dietary intake, and body image during coronavirus disease 2019 quarantine in Peru: An online cross-sectional study
    Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 affects the psychological well-being of populations. In the same way, it can be a potential threat to body image. The aim of the study was to explore associations between depressive symptoms, dietary intake, and body image during coronavirus disease 2019 quarantine. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted in 589 Peruvian adults, 297 men (50.4%) and 292 women (49.6%). The mean age was 30.2 ± 9.4 years (range: 18–59 years). Participants completed three questionnaires, including a food frequency questionnaire, the Body Shape Questionnaire, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Moreover, sociodemographic data were collected. The data were analyzed using the statistical software IBM SPSS version 24, and the chi-square test was used. A significance level of 5% was considered. Results: A total of 37.7% and 43.6% of the women reported depressive symptoms and dissatisfaction with body image, respectively. Depressive symptoms were associated with dietary intake and dissatisfaction with body image (p < 0.05). Dissatisfaction with body image was associated with dietary intake (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Depressive symptomatology plays an important role in the dietary intake and body image of the study population. It is suggested to address these factors through the implementation of health campaign programs and personalized therapeutic interventions.
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    Anxiety as a mediator in the relationship of perceived stress and social support with emotional eating in female university teachers
    (2025-12-27) ; ;
    Oblitas-Guerrero, Susan M.
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    Távara, Giovanna Larraín
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    Lizarraga-De-Maguiña, Isabel G.
    Emotional eating is increasingly recognized as a significant risk factor for both physical and psychological health, especially in academic settings where work-related stress and social demands are high. Despite its importance, the role of anxiety as a potential mediator in these associations has been scarcely examined in the Latin American context, and even less so among female university teachers. This study aimed to examine the relationships among social support, perceived stress, and emotional eating, considering the mediating role of anxiety in female university teachers. A total of 580 female teachers participated in the study and completed standardized instruments to assess anxiety, perceived social support, emotional eating, and perceived stress. Mediation analyses were conducted using a structural equation modeling approach with the Diagonally Weighted Least Squares estimator. Anxiety had a positive and significant direct effect on emotional eating (β = 0.285, p < .001), while social support exhibited a negative and significant direct effect (β = − 0.087, p = .032). Additionally, anxiety acted as a mediator, transmitting the effect of perceived stress (β = 0.056, p < .001) and social support (β = − 0.074, p < .001) on emotional eating. The final model explained 11.5% of the variance in emotional eating and 11.1% of the variance in anxiety. These findings provide novel evidence in a female and Latin American academic context, underscoring the importance of integrating emotional and social variables in the approach to eating behavior.
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    Nutritional knowledge, anthropometric profile, total cholesterol and motivations in vegetarians and non-vegetarians
    Background: Research often reports on the anthropometric and biochemical profile of vegetarians and non-vegetarians, yet few have compared nutritional knowledge in both populations. This cross-sectional study compared nutritional knowledge, anthropometric profile and total cholesterol in vegetarians and non-vegetarians. In addition, the motivations for choosing a vegetarian diet were analyzed. Methods: A registry card and a questionnaire were administered to evaluate sociodemographic, anthropometric, total cholesterol, nutritional knowledge and motivation data of the vegetarians. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and t-student tests, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: No significant difference was found in the level of nutritional knowledge of the two groups. In addition, a sufficient score was not observed in either group (>80 %). Vegetarians had significantly lower average weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) compared to non-vegetarians (59.948 ± 8,923 kg vs. 64.362 ± 12.272 kg, p=0.017), (23.22 ± 3.026 kg/m2 vs. 25.152 ± 3,373 kg/m2, p<0.01) and (78.435 ± 10.883 cm vs. 86.207 ± 13.662 cm, p<0.01), respectively. Total cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in vegetarians (166.307 ± 26.139 mg/dL vs. 189.138 ± 38.451 mg/dL, p<0.01). The "health benefits" were the main motivations to opt for vegetarianism (32.3%). Conclusions: Vegetarians presented a better anthropometric profile and lower levels of total cholesterol. However, there were no differences regarding knowledge levels. The highest proportion of vegetarian’s report choosing the vegetarian lifestyle for health reasons.
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    Physical Inactivity is Associated with Job Burnout in Health Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic
    (2023-04-01)
    Plaza-Ccuno, Jhoes Naylin R
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    Vasquez Puri, Cristabel
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    ; ;
    Background: The pandemic has drastically impacted lifestyles, including the frequency, duration, and intensity of physical activity, which, in turn, leads to negative effects on job burnout among healthcare workers. Objective: This study evaluated the association between the level of physical activity and job burnout in a sample of health professionals during health emergency. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 workers working in a public hospital, located in the city of Rioja, Department of San Martin, Peru, were considered. Data were collected through an online and face-to-face survey. Job burnout was assessed using a validated questionnaire adapted to the Peruvian population and physical activity was assessed based on a single item. Crude and adjusted linear regression models were created to assess the association between the frequency of physical activity performed weekly and the level of job burnout. Results: In the crude models, it was observed that participants who performed physical activity 1-2 times, 3-4 times, or more than 4 times per week had, respectively, 6.29 (95% CI, 11.00-1.59), 14.28 (95% CI, 21.70-6.85), and 14.95 (95% CI, 25.17-4.72) lower job burnout points compared to those who never performed physical activity. In the model adjusted for confounding variables, the association of this result was maintained, showing a dose-response effect. Conclusion: These findings suggest the need for the implementation of health education programs that include physical activity to minimize the negative effects of job burnout and ensure better medical care by health professionals for the benefit of patients.
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    Association Between Emotional Eating, Sociodemographic Characteristics, Physical Activity, Sleep Duration, and Mental and Physical Health in Young Adults
    Background Emotional eating (EmE) is one of the most common eating behaviors maladaptive among young adults, however, in the Peruvian context, it remains unexplored. Objective The aim of the study was to determine the association between negative EmE, sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity, sleep duration, and mental and physical health in young adults. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 400 young Peruvian adults living in three regions of Peru (coast, jungle, and highlands). An online survey was used to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity, sleep duration, depressive symptoms, anxiety, hypertension, and negative EmE. In addition, self-reported anthropometric data were collected to calculate body mass index (BMI). Results Approximately 55.8% of women presented negative EmE. Logistic regression analysis revealed that participants aged 30-39 years were less likely to have negative EmE in both female and male gender, OR; 0.24, 95% CI; 0.08-0.66, p<0.01 and OR; 0.40, 95% CI; 0.16-0.97, p<0.05, respectively. Perform physical activity 3 to 4 times 5.22 (95% CI: 1.31-20.78), 1 to 2 times a week 5.77 (95% CI: 1.91-17.44), and never 15.18 (95% CI: 3.90-59.00) were associated with negative EmE. Moreover, sleeping less than 7 hours per day (OR; 2.26, 95% CI; 1.04-4.90), depressive symptoms (OR = 6.29, 95% CI: 1.27-31.19), anxiety (OR = 14.13, 95% CI: 2.46-80. 97, p<0.01), hypertension (OR = 7.58, 95% CI: 1.24-46.17), and BMI ≥25 (overweight/obese) (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.66-3.41) were associated with negative EmE. Conclusion The findings show that there is an association between negative EmE, sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity, sleep duration, and mental and physical health in young adults.
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    Age at menarche and chronological age as explanatory factors of BMI: a cross-sectional study among Peruvian adolescents
    (2025-11-24)
    Gálvez-Díaz, Norma Del Carmen
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    Casas-Gálvez, Christian
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    Barreto-Espinoza, Luz Antonia
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    BACKGROUND: Age at menarche has been associated with various indicators of adolescent health, including body mass index (BMI). However, its specific contribution to BMI across different geographical contexts remains largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether chronological age and age at menarche act as explanatory factors of BMI in a sample of Peruvian adolescents. METHODS: This was an explanatory study. A non-probabilistic sample of 423 adolescents from Lambayeque, Peru, was included. A structured data collection sheet was used to assess age at menarche, as well as weight and height. RESULTS: The multiple regression model identified age at menarche and chronological age as significant predictors of BMI. Model 2 demonstrated a better fit (BIC = 1658 vs. BIC = 1669 in Model 1) and explained 31% of the variability in BMI (adjusted R² = 0.310, F = 96.018, p < 0.001). A negative effect of age at menarche on BMI was observed (β = -0.161, p < 0.001), indicating that earlier menarche is associated with higher BMI. Similarly, chronological age had a significant positive effect (β = 0.516, p < 0.001) and was the variable with the greatest impact on BMI. CONCLUSION: Chronological age and age at menarche are important explanatory factors of BMI in adolescents. Earlier menarche is associated with higher BMI, underscoring the importance of considering pubertal development when evaluating nutritional status during this stage of life.
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    Dieta y riesgo de enfermedades mentales en adultos peruanos, estudio transversal
    (2021-09-01)
    Banda-Ccana, Delia Esmeralda
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    Infantes-Ruiz, Veronica Hamileth
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    Las enfermedades mentales representan uno de los mayores problemas de salud pública. El consumo de alimentos ricos en antioxidantes como, frutas y verduras puede disminuir los factores de riesgo. Objetivo. Analizar la ingesta dietética y el riesgo de enfermedades mentales en adultos peruanos. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 393 adultos peruanos, provenientes de las tres regiones del país (costa, sierra y selva). Los datos sociodemográficos, antropométricos se obtuvieron por auto reporte mediante una ficha de registro y el riesgo de enfermedades mentales se determinó con el Cuestionario de Salud General-12 (GHQ-12). Se analizaron los datos mediante el software estadístico IBM SPSS, versión 26. Se utilizó la prueba Chi-cuadrado, considerando un nivel de significancia del 5 %. Resultados. Los participantes que informaron riesgo y presencia de enfermedades mentales reportaron un consumo inadecuado de frutas, verduras y grasas saludables. El consumo adecuado de cereales integrales, frutas y verduras fue significativamente mayor en las mujeres (p<0,05). Sin embargo, más de la mitad de las mujeres demostró estar en riesgo de enfermedades mentales respecto a los hombres (p<0,001). Conclusiones. La ingesta adecuada de alimentos saludables podría resultar beneficiosa en la reducción de los riesgos de las enfermedades mentales en este grupo de población.
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    Religious Involvement, Vegetarian Diet, and Mental Well-Being Among Seventh-day Adventists in Peru
    (2024-06-03) ;
    Pizarro-Ramírez, Ericka L.
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    Acosta Enríquez, María Elena
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    Mental well-being is conditioned by several factors, including religious involvement and diet. However, this evidence does not exist among members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church (SDA) in Latin America, particularly Peru. This study evaluated the association between religious involvement and vegetarian diet with mental well-being in members of the SDA Church in Peru. In this cross-sectional study, the sample included 767 participants, aged 18 to 59 years. A face-to-face and online survey was administered that included information on the dietary regimen and sociodemographic characteristics. Religious involvement and mental well-being were measured using the 12-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL), respectively. A multivariate analysis was conducted to investigate the factors associated with mental well-being. Being female (β = 1.80, p < 0.001), coming from the highland region (β = 1.98, p < 0.001), having a basic educational degree (β = 1.85, p < 0.001), a higher level of religious involvement (β = 0.34, p < 0.001), and being vegetarian (β = 1.21, p < 0.001) were associated with greater mental well-being. This evidence highlights the implication of religious participation and a vegetarian diet in mental health, not only among SDA church members but also in a broader context. However, it should be recognized that direct transfer of church-based health promotion interventions and strategies to the general population can present challenges; therefore, it is suggested that these strategies should be adapted and adjusted to consider differences in the community context.
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