Morales García, Wilter Eyvi Mardel

Preferred name

mardelmorales@upeu.edu.pe

ORCID

0000-0002-6413-1072

Scopus Author ID

57581368500

Mostrando 1 - 10 de 47

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Social Support, Quality of Care, and Patient Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment in Peru: The Mediating Role of Nurse Health Education
(2023-01-01)
Delker Dilas
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Rosarias Flores
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Wilter C. Morales-García
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Background: Peru is one of the countries with the highest burden of tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in the Latin American region and globally. Health education provided by nurses reinforces social support and the quality of patient care allows a greater impact on adherence to TB treatment. Purpose: This study evaluated the mediating effect of treatment education between social support, quality of care, and treatment adherence in TB patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out considering 162 adult TB patients from four health centers of the public sector located in the center of the city of Lima, Peru. Data were collected on variables, such as social support, quality of care, health education, and adherence to TB treatment. SmartPLS was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that social support and quality of care significantly influence health education. Likewise, health education mediates social support and quality of care for better adherence to treatment. Conclusion: It is recommended that hospitals take initiatives to provide better health education on TB treatment to ensure better adherence to treatment.
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Validation and invariance of an Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ-P) in Peruvian Nurses
(2024-03-10)
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Gaby Torres-Mamani
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Liset Z. Sairitupa-Sanchez
Background: performance evaluation is essential to ensure quality healthcare services, especially in the field of nursing. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the factorial structure, reliability, and invariance by sex and age of the work performance scale in Peruvian nurses. Methods: confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to evaluate the internal structure of the scale, and psychometric properties including reliability and convergent validity were determined. Additionally, factorial invariance was evaluated according to participants' sex and age. Results: the CFA supported the structure of three factors (Task Performance, Counterproductive Behaviors, Contextual Performance) and showed adequate and stable psychometric properties for a 12-item version (: χ2 = 231,09, df = 78; CFI = 0,97, TLI = 0,96, RMSEA = 0,06 (90 % CI: 0,05-0,06), and SRMR = 0,03). Strict factorial invariance was demonstrated for both sex and age, and adequate internal consistency was found for each dimension, as well as convergent validity. Conclusions: the work performance scale, in its 12-item version (IWPQ-P), is a valid and reliable measure for evaluating work performance in Peruvian nurses. Its factorial invariance by sex and age makes it a useful tool for future research and practical applications in nursing performance evaluation
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Pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis: a narrative review
(2026-01-01)
Cristhian Amir Ramírez Arcentales
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Jhan Antony Vinces Paredes
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Bety Consuelo Cordova Cruz
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Diana Katherine Choquehuanca Guevara
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Tatiana Vargas Ramírez
Objective: to briefly review the literature on pneumonia and its incidence in pulmonary fibrosis, considering treatment, prognosis, risk factors, and diagnosis.Design: literature review based on a narrative synthesis.
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Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of an Attitude toward Artificial Intelligence Scale (AIAS-4) among Peruvian Nurses
(2024-05-23)
Wilter C. Morales-García
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Liset Z. Sairitupa-Sanchez
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Sandra B. Morales-García
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BACKGROUND: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into various aspects of daily life has sparked growing interest in understanding public attitudes toward this technology. Despite advancements in tools to assess these perceptions, there remains a need for culturally adapted instruments, particularly in specific contexts like that of Peruvian nurses. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the AIAS-4 in a sample of Peruvian nurses. METHODS: An instrumental design was employed, recruiting 200 Peruvian nurses. The Attitude toward Artificial Intelligence in Spanish (AIAS-S), a cultural and linguistic adaptation of the AIAS-4, involved data analysis using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and invariance tests. RESULTS: = 0.522, CFI = 1.00, TLI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.00, SRMR = 0.00). The scale demonstrated high internal consistency (α = 0.94, ω = 0.91). Tests of invariance from configural to strict confirmed that the scale is stable across different demographic subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The AIAS-S proved to be a psychometrically solid tool for assessing attitudes toward AI in the context of Peruvian nurses, providing evidence of validity, reliability, and gender invariance. This study highlights the importance of having culturally adapted instruments to explore attitudes toward emerging technologies in specific groups.
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Psychometric properties and invariance of the self-efficacy for writing scale in Peruvian high school students
(2023-01-06)
Matilde León-Gutiérrez
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Wilter C. Morales-García
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Jania Jaimes-Soncco
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Jacksaint Saintila
Introduction Being able to write is a key competency in educational models; therefore, it is important to have a scale to assess writing self-efficacy. Objective The study evaluated the internal structure, providing evidence of reliability, validity, and factorial invariance of the self-efficacy for writing scale (SEWS) across sex and age in Peruvian schoolchildren. Methods An instrumental study was carried out on 1,107 Peruvian adolescents (early, middle, and late) of school age. A confirmatory factor analysis was carried out and the factorial invariance for sex and age was evaluated. Results A good fit was obtained for the total sample (χ 2 = 1229.08, df = 101, CFI = 0.997, TLI = 0.997, RMSEA = 0.057 [90% CI: 0.0540.059], and SRMR = 0.029) and presented good α, ω, and H reliability (&gt;0.89). Correlations between another measure of writing self-efficacy ( p = 0.76; p &lt; .01), study satisfaction ( p = 0.31; p &lt; .01), and burnout ( p = −0.12; p &lt; .01) scales supported convergent and concurrent validity. Multigroup factor analysis supported strict invariance for sex and age, for which the SEWS provides evidence of validity and reliability. Discussion This adaptation of the SEWS is a valid, reliable, and invariant measure that can be considered for assessing self-efficacy for writing in Peruvian high school students.
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Crohn’s disease: a narrative review
(2026-01-01)
Wilter C. Morales García
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Piero Alexander Vargas Ruiz
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Bilha Raquel Pisco Salas
Objective: to conduct a literature review of Crohn's disease based on its causes, risks, and treatments.Method: a literature review based on narrative and systematic synthesis.
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Translation and Validation of a Transformational Leadership Scale in Peruvian Public Servants
(2024-09-09)
Josue Pilco-Pezo
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Alcides Flores Paredes
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Background Transformational leadership has been identified as an essential component for success and innovation within the public sector, especially in the digital age and in the face of global challenges. This form of leadership, which seeks to change and inspire people, has been shown to be crucial for improving organizational performance and the quality of public services. However, the application of these principles in Peru faces specific challenges, and there is a notable lack of empirical research on this phenomenon in the Peruvian public sector, particularly in the evaluation of the tools used for its measurement. Objective This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Global Transformational Leadership (GTL) scale in a sample of Peruvian public servants. Methods An instrumental research design was adopted, using non-probabilistic sampling. The sample included 290 Peruvian public servants (M = 34.61, SD = 9.2), with an analysis that encompassed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability estimates. Results Descriptive analysis results indicated a high tendency to respond positively on the scale. The CFA confirmed the proposed unidimensional structure of the scale, with acceptable fit according to various indices (χ2 = 39.130, CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.08, SRMR = 0.03), and all factor loadings were significant and greater than 0.50, indicating a strong association with the transformational leadership dimension and exceptionally high internal consistency (α = 0.94). Conclusions The study confirmed that the GTL transformational leadership scale is a psychometrically robust tool and applicable to the Peruvian context. The unidimensional structure and high reliability of the scale suggest that it is suitable for measuring transformational leadership among public servants in Peru.
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Development and validation of a scale for dependence on artificial intelligence in university students
(2024-03-12)
Wilter C. Morales-García
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Liset Z. Sairitupa-Sanchez
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Sandra B. Morales-García
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Background Artificial Intelligence (AI) has permeated various aspects of daily life, including education, specifically within higher education settings. These AI technologies have transformed pedagogy and learning, enabling a more personalized approach. However, ethical and practical concerns have also emerged, including the potential decline in cognitive skills and student motivation due to excessive reliance on AI. Objective To develop and validate a Scale for Dependence on Artificial Intelligence (DIA). Methods An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to identify the underlying structure of the DIA scale, followed by a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to assess and confirm this structure. In addition, the scale’s invariance based on participants’ gender was evaluated. Results A total of 528 university students aged between 18 and 37 years ( M = 20.31, SD = 3.8) participated. The EFA revealed a unifactorial structure for the scale, which was subsequently confirmed by the CFA. Invariance analyses showed that the scale is applicable and consistent for both men and women. Conclusion The DAI scale emerges as a robust and reliable tool for measuring university students’ dependence on AI. Its gender invariance makes it applicable in diverse population studies. In the age of digitalization, it is essential to understand the dynamics between humans and AI to navigate wisely and ensure a beneficial coexistence.
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Relationship between academic procrastination and internet addiction in Peruvian university students: the mediating role of academic self-efficacy
(2025-01-23)
Dana Rocio Chavez-Yacolca
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Ruth Beatriz Castro-Champión
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Nely Marlene Cisneros-Gonzales
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Introduction This study evaluated the mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between internet addiction and academic procrastination among Peruvian university students. Method A cross-sectional explanatory design was employed with a convenience sample of 334 participants. Instruments used included the Specific Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale of Academic Situations (EAPESA), the Lima Internet Addiction Scale (EAIL), and the Academic Procrastination Scale (APS). The reliability and internal structure of each scale were verified, and the EAIL was validated. Descriptive analysis and correlation between variables were conducted, followed by path and mediation analyses. Results Internet addiction significantly negatively affected academic self-efficacy ( β = −0.381, t = −4.52, p &lt; 0.001). Academic self-efficacy negatively impacted academic procrastination ( β = −0.522, t = −7.04, p &lt; 0.001). Internet addiction positively affected academic procrastination ( β = 0.642, t = 5.72, p &lt; 0.001). The total effect of internet addiction on academic procrastination and academic self-efficacy was significant ( β = 0.841, t = 7.17, p &lt; 0.001). Academic self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between internet addiction and academic procrastination, suggesting universities should implement strategies to enhance academic self-efficacy in students.
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Influence of Self-Efficacy in the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Anxiety Toward AI Use on AI Dependence Among Peruvian University Students
(2025-01-12)
Wilter C. Morales-García
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Liset Z. Sairitupa-Sanchez
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Alcides Flores Paredes
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Jai Pascual-Mariño
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Background: The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has transformed the way students interact with technological tools, creating new challenges related to self-efficacy, anxiety, and AI dependence. Self-efficacy refers to one's confidence in their ability to use AI, while AI-related anxiety pertains to the fear or concern when interacting with these systems. These variables can influence technological dependence, affecting academic performance and emotional well-being. Objective: This study aims to examine the influence of self-efficacy in AI use and anxiety toward AI on AI dependence among Peruvian university students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 528 Peruvian university students aged 18 to 37 years (M = 19.00, SD = 3.84). Scales were used to measure AI self-efficacy, anxiety toward AI, and AI dependence. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were applied to identify predictors of technological dependence. Results: The results showed that AI self-efficacy was positively correlated with AI anxiety (r = 0.43, p < .01) and AI dependence (r = 0.61, p < .01). Anxiety also significantly correlated with AI dependence (r = 0.71, p < .01). Multiple regression analysis revealed that both AI anxiety (β = 1.131, p < .001) and AI self-efficacy (β = 0.610, p < .001) predicted AI dependence. Additionally, business administration students exhibited greater dependence compared to students from other fields (β = 1.025, p < .05). Conclusions: Students with higher self-efficacy in AI use tend to utilize AI more frequently but also experience greater anxiety and dependence on AI. Educational interventions should focus on reducing AI-related anxiety to prevent excessive dependence, especially among students.

Morales García, Wilter Eyvi Mardel

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